xormplus__xorm/session.go

// Copyright 2015 The Xorm Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.

package xorm

import (
	"database/sql"
	"database/sql/driver"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"hash/crc32"
	"reflect"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/xormplus/core"
)

// Struct Session keep a pointer to sql.DB and provides all execution of all
// kind of database operations.
type Session struct {
	db                     *core.DB
	Engine                 *Engine
	Tx                     *core.Tx
	Statement              Statement
	IsAutoCommit           bool
	IsCommitedOrRollbacked bool
	TransType              string
	IsAutoClose            bool

	// Automatically reset the statement after operations that execute a SQL
	// query such as Count(), Find(), Get(), ...
	AutoResetStatement bool

	// !nashtsai! storing these beans due to yet committed tx
	afterInsertBeans map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{})
	afterUpdateBeans map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{})
	afterDeleteBeans map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{})
	// --

	beforeClosures []func(interface{})
	afterClosures  []func(interface{})

	prepareStmt bool
	stmtCache   map[uint32]*core.Stmt //key: hash.Hash32 of (queryStr, len(queryStr))
	cascadeDeep int

	// !evalphobia! stored the last executed query on this session
	//beforeSQLExec func(string, ...interface{})
	lastSQL     string
	lastSQLArgs []interface{}
}

// Clone copy all the session's content and return a new session
func (session *Session) Clone() *Session {
	var sess = *session
	return &sess
}

// Init reset the session as the init status.
func (session *Session) Init() {
	session.Statement.Init()
	session.Statement.Engine = session.Engine
	session.IsAutoCommit = true
	session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked = false
	session.IsAutoClose = false
	session.AutoResetStatement = true
	session.prepareStmt = false

	// !nashtsai! is lazy init better?
	session.afterInsertBeans = make(map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{}), 0)
	session.afterUpdateBeans = make(map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{}), 0)
	session.afterDeleteBeans = make(map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{}), 0)
	session.beforeClosures = make([]func(interface{}), 0)
	session.afterClosures = make([]func(interface{}), 0)

	session.lastSQL = ""
	session.lastSQLArgs = []interface{}{}
}

// Close release the connection from pool
func (session *Session) Close() {
	for _, v := range session.stmtCache {
		v.Close()
	}

	if session.db != nil {
		// When Close be called, if session is a transaction and do not call
		// Commit or Rollback, then call Rollback.
		if session.Tx != nil && !session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked {
			session.Rollback()
		}
		session.Tx = nil
		session.stmtCache = nil
		session.Init()
		session.db = nil
	}
}

func (session *Session) resetStatement() {
	if session.AutoResetStatement {
		session.Statement.Init()
	}
}

// Prepare
func (session *Session) Prepare() *Session {
	session.prepareStmt = true
	return session
}

// Sql provides raw sql input parameter. When you have a complex SQL statement
// and cannot use Where, Id, In and etc. Methods to describe, you can use Sql.
func (session *Session) Sql(querystring string, args ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Sql(querystring, args...)
	return session
}

// Where provides custom query condition.
func (session *Session) Where(querystring string, args ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Where(querystring, args...)
	return session
}

// And provides custom query condition.
func (session *Session) And(querystring string, args ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.And(querystring, args...)
	return session
}

// Or provides custom query condition.
func (session *Session) Or(querystring string, args ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Or(querystring, args...)
	return session
}

// Id provides converting id as a query condition
func (session *Session) Id(id interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Id(id)
	return session
}

// Before Apply before Processor, affected bean is passed to closure arg
func (session *Session) Before(closures func(interface{})) *Session {
	if closures != nil {
		session.beforeClosures = append(session.beforeClosures, closures)
	}
	return session
}

// After Apply after Processor, affected bean is passed to closure arg
func (session *Session) After(closures func(interface{})) *Session {
	if closures != nil {
		session.afterClosures = append(session.afterClosures, closures)
	}
	return session
}

// Table can input a string or pointer to struct for special a table to operate.
func (session *Session) Table(tableNameOrBean interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Table(tableNameOrBean)
	return session
}

// Alias set the table alias
func (session *Session) Alias(alias string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Alias(alias)
	return session
}

// In provides a query string like "id in (1, 2, 3)"
func (session *Session) In(column string, args ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.In(column, args...)
	return session
}

// Incr provides a query string like "count = count + 1"
func (session *Session) Incr(column string, arg ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Incr(column, arg...)
	return session
}

// Decr provides a query string like "count = count - 1"
func (session *Session) Decr(column string, arg ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Decr(column, arg...)
	return session
}

// SetExpr provides a query string like "column = {expression}"
func (session *Session) SetExpr(column string, expression string) *Session {
	session.Statement.SetExpr(column, expression)
	return session
}

// Select provides some columns to special
func (session *Session) Select(str string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Select(str)
	return session
}

// Cols provides some columns to special
func (session *Session) Cols(columns ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Cols(columns...)
	return session
}

// AllCols ask all columns
func (session *Session) AllCols() *Session {
	session.Statement.AllCols()
	return session
}

// MustCols
func (session *Session) MustCols(columns ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.MustCols(columns...)
	return session
}

// NoCascade
func (session *Session) NoCascade() *Session {
	session.Statement.UseCascade = false
	return session
}

// UseBool automatically retrieve condition according struct, but
// if struct has bool field, it will ignore them. So use UseBool
// to tell system to do not ignore them.
// If no paramters, it will use all the bool field of struct, or
// it will use paramters's columns
func (session *Session) UseBool(columns ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.UseBool(columns...)
	return session
}

// Distinct use for distinct columns. Caution: when you are using cache,
// distinct will not be cached because cache system need id,
// but distinct will not provide id
func (session *Session) Distinct(columns ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Distinct(columns...)
	return session
}

// ForUpdate Set Read/Write locking for UPDATE
func (session *Session) ForUpdate() *Session {
	session.Statement.IsForUpdate = true
	return session
}

// Omit Only not use the paramters as select or update columns
func (session *Session) Omit(columns ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Omit(columns...)
	return session
}

// Nullable Set null when column is zero-value and nullable for update
func (session *Session) Nullable(columns ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Nullable(columns...)
	return session
}

// NoAutoTime means do not automatically give created field and updated field
// the current time on the current session temporarily
func (session *Session) NoAutoTime() *Session {
	session.Statement.UseAutoTime = false
	return session
}

// NoAutoCondition disable generate SQL condition from beans
func (session *Session) NoAutoCondition(no ...bool) *Session {
	session.Statement.NoAutoCondition(no...)
	return session
}

// Method Limit provide limit and offset query condition
func (session *Session) Limit(limit int, start ...int) *Session {
	session.Statement.Limit(limit, start...)
	return session
}

// Method OrderBy provide order by query condition, the input parameter is the content
// after order by on a sql statement.
func (session *Session) OrderBy(order string) *Session {
	session.Statement.OrderBy(order)
	return session
}

// Method Desc provide desc order by query condition, the input parameters are columns.
func (session *Session) Desc(colNames ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Desc(colNames...)
	return session
}

// Method Asc provide asc order by query condition, the input parameters are columns.
func (session *Session) Asc(colNames ...string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Asc(colNames...)
	return session
}

// Method StoreEngine is only avialble mysql dialect currently
func (session *Session) StoreEngine(storeEngine string) *Session {
	session.Statement.StoreEngine = storeEngine
	return session
}

// Method Charset is only avialble mysql dialect currently
func (session *Session) Charset(charset string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Charset = charset
	return session
}

// Method Cascade indicates if loading sub Struct
func (session *Session) Cascade(trueOrFalse ...bool) *Session {
	if len(trueOrFalse) >= 1 {
		session.Statement.UseCascade = trueOrFalse[0]
	}
	return session
}

// NoCache ask this session do not retrieve data from cache system and
// get data from database directly.
func (session *Session) NoCache() *Session {
	session.Statement.UseCache = false
	return session
}

// Join join_operator should be one of INNER, LEFT OUTER, CROSS etc - this will be prepended to JOIN
func (session *Session) Join(joinOperator string, tablename interface{}, condition string, args ...interface{}) *Session {
	session.Statement.Join(joinOperator, tablename, condition, args...)
	return session
}

// GroupBy Generate Group By statement
func (session *Session) GroupBy(keys string) *Session {
	session.Statement.GroupBy(keys)
	return session
}

// Having Generate Having statement
func (session *Session) Having(conditions string) *Session {
	session.Statement.Having(conditions)
	return session
}

// DB db return the wrapper of sql.DB
func (session *Session) DB() *core.DB {
	if session.db == nil {
		session.db = session.Engine.db
		session.stmtCache = make(map[uint32]*core.Stmt, 0)
	}
	return session.db
}

// Begin a transaction
func (session *Session) Begin() error {
	if session.IsAutoCommit {
		tx, err := session.DB().Begin()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		session.IsAutoCommit = false
		session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked = false
		session.Tx = tx
		session.saveLastSQL("BEGIN TRANSACTION")
	}
	return nil
}

// Rollback When using transaction, you can rollback if any error
func (session *Session) Rollback() error {
	if !session.IsAutoCommit && !session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked {
		session.saveLastSQL(session.Engine.dialect.RollBackStr())
		session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked = true
		return session.Tx.Rollback()
	}
	return nil
}

// Commit When using transaction, Commit will commit all operations.
func (session *Session) Commit() error {
	if !session.IsAutoCommit && !session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked {
		session.saveLastSQL("COMMIT")
		session.IsCommitedOrRollbacked = true
		var err error
		if err = session.Tx.Commit(); err == nil {
			// handle processors after tx committed

			closureCallFunc := func(closuresPtr *[]func(interface{}), bean interface{}) {

				if closuresPtr != nil {
					for _, closure := range *closuresPtr {
						closure(bean)
					}
				}
			}

			for bean, closuresPtr := range session.afterInsertBeans {
				closureCallFunc(closuresPtr, bean)

				if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
					processor.AfterInsert()
				}
			}
			for bean, closuresPtr := range session.afterUpdateBeans {
				closureCallFunc(closuresPtr, bean)

				if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterUpdateProcessor); ok {
					processor.AfterUpdate()
				}
			}
			for bean, closuresPtr := range session.afterDeleteBeans {
				closureCallFunc(closuresPtr, bean)

				if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterDeleteProcessor); ok {
					processor.AfterDelete()
				}
			}
			cleanUpFunc := func(slices *map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{})) {
				if len(*slices) > 0 {
					*slices = make(map[interface{}]*[]func(interface{}), 0)
				}
			}
			cleanUpFunc(&session.afterInsertBeans)
			cleanUpFunc(&session.afterUpdateBeans)
			cleanUpFunc(&session.afterDeleteBeans)
		}
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

func cleanupProcessorsClosures(slices *[]func(interface{})) {
	if len(*slices) > 0 {
		*slices = make([]func(interface{}), 0)
	}
}

func (session *Session) scanMapIntoStruct(obj interface{}, objMap map[string][]byte) error {
	dataStruct := rValue(obj)
	if dataStruct.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
		return errors.New("Expected a pointer to a struct")
	}

	var col *core.Column
	table := session.Engine.autoMapType(dataStruct)

	for key, data := range objMap {
		if col = table.GetColumn(key); col == nil {
			session.Engine.logger.Warnf("struct %v's has not field %v. %v",
				table.Type.Name(), key, table.ColumnsSeq())
			continue
		}

		fieldName := col.FieldName
		fieldPath := strings.Split(fieldName, ".")
		var fieldValue reflect.Value
		if len(fieldPath) > 2 {
			session.Engine.logger.Error("Unsupported mutliderive", fieldName)
			continue
		} else if len(fieldPath) == 2 {
			parentField := dataStruct.FieldByName(fieldPath[0])
			if parentField.IsValid() {
				fieldValue = parentField.FieldByName(fieldPath[1])
			}
		} else {
			fieldValue = dataStruct.FieldByName(fieldName)
		}
		if !fieldValue.IsValid() || !fieldValue.CanSet() {
			session.Engine.logger.Warnf("table %v's column %v is not valid or cannot set", table.Name, key)
			continue
		}

		err := session.bytes2Value(col, &fieldValue, data)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// Execute sql
func (session *Session) innerExec(sqlStr string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
	if session.prepareStmt {
		stmt, err := session.doPrepare(sqlStr)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}

		res, err := stmt.Exec(args...)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		return res, nil
	}

	return session.DB().Exec(sqlStr, args...)
}

func (session *Session) exec(sqlStr string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
	for _, filter := range session.Engine.dialect.Filters() {
		sqlStr = filter.Do(sqlStr, session.Engine.dialect, session.Statement.RefTable)
	}

	session.saveLastSQL(sqlStr, args...)

	return session.Engine.logSQLExecutionTime(sqlStr, args, func() (sql.Result, error) {
		if session.IsAutoCommit {
			// FIXME: oci8 can not auto commit (github.com/mattn/go-oci8)
			if session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.ORACLE {
				session.Begin()
				r, err := session.Tx.Exec(sqlStr, args...)
				session.Commit()
				return r, err
			}
			return session.innerExec(sqlStr, args...)
		}
		return session.Tx.Exec(sqlStr, args...)
	})
}

// Exec raw sql
func (session *Session) Exec(sqlStr string, args ...interface{}) (sql.Result, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	return session.exec(sqlStr, args...)
}

// CreateTable create a table according a bean
func (session *Session) CreateTable(bean interface{}) error {
	v := rValue(bean)
	session.Statement.RefTable = session.Engine.mapType(v)

	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	return session.createOneTable()
}

// CreateIndexes create indexes
func (session *Session) CreateIndexes(bean interface{}) error {
	v := rValue(bean)
	session.Statement.RefTable = session.Engine.mapType(v)

	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	sqls := session.Statement.genIndexSQL()
	for _, sqlStr := range sqls {
		_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// CreateUniques create uniques
func (session *Session) CreateUniques(bean interface{}) error {
	v := rValue(bean)
	session.Statement.RefTable = session.Engine.mapType(v)

	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	sqls := session.Statement.genUniqueSQL()
	for _, sqlStr := range sqls {
		_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (session *Session) createOneTable() error {
	sqlStr := session.Statement.genCreateTableSQL()
	_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
	return err
}

// to be deleted
func (session *Session) createAll() error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	for _, table := range session.Engine.Tables {
		session.Statement.RefTable = table
		err := session.createOneTable()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// drop indexes
func (session *Session) DropIndexes(bean interface{}) error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	sqls := session.Statement.genDelIndexSQL()
	for _, sqlStr := range sqls {
		_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// drop table will drop table if exist, if drop failed, it will return error
func (session *Session) DropTable(beanOrTableName interface{}) error {
	tableName, err := session.Engine.tableName(beanOrTableName)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var needDrop = true
	if !session.Engine.dialect.SupportDropIfExists() {
		sqlStr, args := session.Engine.dialect.TableCheckSql(tableName)
		results, err := session.query(sqlStr, args...)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		needDrop = len(results) > 0
	}

	if needDrop {
		sqlStr := session.Engine.Dialect().DropTableSql(tableName)
		_, err = session.exec(sqlStr)
		return err
	}
	return nil
}

func (session *Session) canCache() bool {
	if session.Statement.RefTable == nil ||
		session.Statement.JoinStr != "" ||
		session.Statement.RawSQL != "" ||
		session.Tx != nil ||
		len(session.Statement.selectStr) > 0 {
		return false
	}
	return true
}

func (session *Session) cacheGet(bean interface{}, sqlStr string, args ...interface{}) (has bool, err error) {
	// if has no reftable, then don't use cache currently
	if !session.canCache() {
		return false, ErrCacheFailed
	}

	for _, filter := range session.Engine.dialect.Filters() {
		sqlStr = filter.Do(sqlStr, session.Engine.dialect, session.Statement.RefTable)
	}
	newsql := session.Statement.convertIdSql(sqlStr)
	if newsql == "" {
		return false, ErrCacheFailed
	}

	cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(session.Statement.RefTable)
	tableName := session.Statement.TableName()
	session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheGet] find sql:", newsql, args)
	ids, err := core.GetCacheSql(cacher, tableName, newsql, args)
	table := session.Statement.RefTable
	if err != nil {
		var res = make([]string, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
		rows, err := session.DB().Query(newsql, args...)
		if err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
		defer rows.Close()

		if rows.Next() {
			err = rows.ScanSlice(&res)
			if err != nil {
				return false, err
			}
		} else {
			return false, ErrCacheFailed
		}

		var pk core.PK = make([]interface{}, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
		for i, col := range table.PKColumns() {
			if col.SQLType.IsText() {
				pk[i] = res[i]
			} else if col.SQLType.IsNumeric() {
				n, err := strconv.ParseInt(res[i], 10, 64)
				if err != nil {
					return false, err
				}
				pk[i] = n
			} else {
				return false, errors.New("unsupported")
			}
		}

		ids = []core.PK{pk}
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheGet] cache ids:", newsql, ids)
		err = core.PutCacheSql(cacher, ids, tableName, newsql, args)
		if err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
	} else {
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheGet] cache hit sql:", newsql)
	}

	if len(ids) > 0 {
		structValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(bean))
		id := ids[0]
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheGet] get bean:", tableName, id)
		sid, err := id.ToString()
		if err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
		cacheBean := cacher.GetBean(tableName, sid)
		if cacheBean == nil {
			newSession := session.Engine.NewSession()
			defer newSession.Close()
			cacheBean = reflect.New(structValue.Type()).Interface()
			newSession.Id(id).NoCache()
			if session.Statement.AltTableName != "" {
				newSession.Table(session.Statement.AltTableName)
			}
			if !session.Statement.UseCascade {
				newSession.NoCascade()
			}
			has, err = newSession.Get(cacheBean)
			if err != nil || !has {
				return has, err
			}

			session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheGet] cache bean:", tableName, id, cacheBean)
			cacher.PutBean(tableName, sid, cacheBean)
		} else {
			session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheGet] cache hit bean:", tableName, id, cacheBean)
			has = true
		}
		structValue.Set(reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(cacheBean)))

		return has, nil
	}
	return false, nil
}

func (session *Session) cacheFind(t reflect.Type, sqlStr string, rowsSlicePtr interface{}, args ...interface{}) (err error) {
	if !session.canCache() ||
		indexNoCase(sqlStr, "having") != -1 ||
		indexNoCase(sqlStr, "group by") != -1 {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}

	for _, filter := range session.Engine.dialect.Filters() {
		sqlStr = filter.Do(sqlStr, session.Engine.dialect, session.Statement.RefTable)
	}

	newsql := session.Statement.convertIdSql(sqlStr)
	if newsql == "" {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}

	table := session.Statement.RefTable
	cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table)
	ids, err := core.GetCacheSql(cacher, session.Statement.TableName(), newsql, args)
	if err != nil {
		rows, err := session.DB().Query(newsql, args...)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer rows.Close()

		var i int
		ids = make([]core.PK, 0)
		for rows.Next() {
			i++
			if i > 500 {
				session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheFind] ids length > 500, no cache")
				return ErrCacheFailed
			}
			var res = make([]string, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
			err = rows.ScanSlice(&res)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			var pk core.PK = make([]interface{}, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
			for i, col := range table.PKColumns() {
				if col.SQLType.IsNumeric() {
					n, err := strconv.ParseInt(res[i], 10, 64)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
					pk[i] = n
				} else if col.SQLType.IsText() {
					pk[i] = res[i]
				} else {
					return errors.New("not supported")
				}
			}

			ids = append(ids, pk)
		}

		tableName := session.Statement.TableName()

		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheFind] cache sql:", ids, tableName, newsql, args)
		err = core.PutCacheSql(cacher, ids, tableName, newsql, args)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	} else {
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheFind] cache hit sql:", newsql, args)
	}

	sliceValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(rowsSlicePtr))

	ididxes := make(map[string]int)
	var ides []core.PK = make([]core.PK, 0)
	var temps []interface{} = make([]interface{}, len(ids))
	tableName := session.Statement.TableName()
	for idx, id := range ids {
		sid, err := id.ToString()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		bean := cacher.GetBean(tableName, sid)
		if bean == nil {
			ides = append(ides, id)
			ididxes[sid] = idx
		} else {
			session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheFind] cache hit bean:", tableName, id, bean)

			pk := session.Engine.IdOf(bean)
			xid, err := pk.ToString()
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			if sid != xid {
				session.Engine.logger.Error("[cacheFind] error cache", xid, sid, bean)
				return ErrCacheFailed
			}
			temps[idx] = bean
		}
	}

	if len(ides) > 0 {
		newSession := session.Engine.NewSession()
		defer newSession.Close()

		slices := reflect.New(reflect.SliceOf(t))
		beans := slices.Interface()

		if len(table.PrimaryKeys) == 1 {
			ff := make([]interface{}, 0, len(ides))
			for _, ie := range ides {
				ff = append(ff, ie[0])
			}

			newSession.In(table.PrimaryKeys[0], ff...)
		} else {
			var kn = make([]string, 0)
			for _, name := range table.PrimaryKeys {
				kn = append(kn, name+" = ?")
			}
			condi := "(" + strings.Join(kn, " AND ") + ")"
			for _, ie := range ides {
				newSession.Or(condi, ie...)
			}
		}

		err = newSession.NoCache().find(beans)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		vs := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(beans))
		for i := 0; i < vs.Len(); i++ {
			rv := vs.Index(i)
			if rv.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
				rv = rv.Addr()
			}
			bean := rv.Interface()
			id := session.Engine.IdOf(bean)
			sid, err := id.ToString()
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			temps[ididxes[sid]] = bean
			session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheFind] cache bean:", tableName, id, bean, temps)
			cacher.PutBean(tableName, sid, bean)
		}
	}

	for j := 0; j < len(temps); j++ {
		bean := temps[j]
		if bean == nil {
			session.Engine.logger.Warn("[cacheFind] cache no hit:", tableName, ids[j], temps)
			// return errors.New("cache error") // !nashtsai! no need to return error, but continue instead
			continue
		}
		if sliceValue.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
			if t.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
				sliceValue.Set(reflect.Append(sliceValue, reflect.ValueOf(bean)))
			} else {
				sliceValue.Set(reflect.Append(sliceValue, reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(bean))))
			}
		} else if sliceValue.Kind() == reflect.Map {
			var key = ids[j]
			keyType := sliceValue.Type().Key()
			var ikey interface{}
			if len(key) == 1 {
				ikey, err = str2PK(fmt.Sprintf("%v", key[0]), keyType)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			} else {
				if keyType.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
					return errors.New("table have multiple primary keys, key is not core.PK or slice")
				}
				ikey = key
			}

			if t.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
				sliceValue.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(ikey), reflect.ValueOf(bean))
			} else {
				sliceValue.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(ikey), reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(bean)))
			}
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// IterFunc only use by Iterate
type IterFunc func(idx int, bean interface{}) error

// Rows return sql.Rows compatible Rows obj, as a forward Iterator object for iterating record by record, bean's non-empty fields
// are conditions.
func (session *Session) Rows(bean interface{}) (*Rows, error) {
	return newRows(session, bean)
}

// Iterate record by record handle records from table, condiBeans's non-empty fields
// are conditions. beans could be []Struct, []*Struct, map[int64]Struct
// map[int64]*Struct
func (session *Session) Iterate(bean interface{}, fun IterFunc) error {
	rows, err := session.Rows(bean)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	defer rows.Close()
	//b := reflect.New(iterator.beanType).Interface()
	i := 0
	for rows.Next() {
		b := reflect.New(rows.beanType).Interface()
		err = rows.Scan(b)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		err = fun(i, b)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		i++
	}
	return err
}

func (session *Session) doPrepare(sqlStr string) (stmt *core.Stmt, err error) {
	crc := crc32.ChecksumIEEE([]byte(sqlStr))
	// TODO try hash(sqlStr+len(sqlStr))
	var has bool
	stmt, has = session.stmtCache[crc]
	if !has {
		stmt, err = session.DB().Prepare(sqlStr)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		session.stmtCache[crc] = stmt
	}
	return
}

// Get retrieve one record from database, bean's non-empty fields
// will be as conditions
func (session *Session) Get(bean interface{}) (bool, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	session.Statement.Limit(1)
	var sqlStr string
	var args []interface{}

	session.Statement.OutTable = session.Engine.TableInfo(bean)

	if session.Statement.RefTable == nil {
		session.Statement.RefTable = session.Statement.OutTable
	}

	if session.Statement.RawSQL == "" {
		sqlStr, args = session.Statement.genGetSql(bean)
	} else {
		sqlStr = session.Statement.RawSQL
		args = session.Statement.RawParams
	}

	if session.Statement.JoinStr == "" {
		if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(session.Statement.RefTable); cacher != nil &&
			session.Statement.UseCache &&
			!session.Statement.unscoped {
			has, err := session.cacheGet(bean, sqlStr, args...)
			if err != ErrCacheFailed {
				return has, err
			}
		}
	}

	var rawRows *core.Rows
	var err error
	session.queryPreprocess(&sqlStr, args...)
	if session.IsAutoCommit {
		_, rawRows, err = session.innerQuery(sqlStr, args...)
	} else {
		rawRows, err = session.Tx.Query(sqlStr, args...)
	}
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}

	defer rawRows.Close()

	if rawRows.Next() {
		if fields, err := rawRows.Columns(); err == nil {
			err = session.row2Bean(rawRows, fields, len(fields), bean)
		}
		return true, err
	}
	return false, nil
}

// Count counts the records. bean's non-empty fields
// are conditions.
func (session *Session) Count(bean interface{}) (int64, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	var sqlStr string
	var args []interface{}
	if session.Statement.RawSQL == "" {
		sqlStr, args = session.Statement.genCountSql(bean)
	} else {
		sqlStr = session.Statement.RawSQL
		args = session.Statement.RawParams
	}

	resultsSlice, err := session.query(sqlStr, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	var total int64
	if len(resultsSlice) > 0 {
		results := resultsSlice[0]
		for _, value := range results {
			total, err = strconv.ParseInt(string(value), 10, 64)
			break
		}
	}

	return int64(total), err
}

// Find retrieve records from table, condiBeans's non-empty fields
// are conditions. beans could be []Struct, []*Struct, map[int64]Struct
// map[int64]*Struct
func (session *Session) find(rowsSlicePtr interface{}, condiBean ...interface{}) error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	sliceValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(rowsSlicePtr))
	if sliceValue.Kind() != reflect.Slice && sliceValue.Kind() != reflect.Map {
		return errors.New("needs a pointer to a slice or a map")
	}

	sliceElementType := sliceValue.Type().Elem()
	var table *core.Table

	if sliceElementType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
		if sliceElementType.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
			pv := reflect.New(sliceElementType.Elem())
			table = session.Engine.autoMapType(pv.Elem())
		} else {
			return errors.New("slice type")
		}
	} else if sliceElementType.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
		pv := reflect.New(sliceElementType)
		table = session.Engine.autoMapType(pv.Elem())
	} else {
		return errors.New("slice type")
	}

	session.Statement.OutTable = table

	if session.Statement.RefTable == nil {
		session.Statement.RefTable = table
	}

	if !session.Statement.noAutoCondition && len(condiBean) > 0 {
		colNames, args := session.Statement.buildConditions(
			table, condiBean[0], true, true, false, true, session.Statement.needTableName())

		session.Statement.ConditionStr = strings.Join(colNames, " AND ")
		session.Statement.BeanArgs = args
	} else {
		// !oinume! Add "<col> IS NULL" to WHERE whatever condiBean is given.
		// See https://github.com/go-xorm/xorm/issues/179
		if col := table.DeletedColumn(); col != nil && !session.Statement.unscoped {
			// tag "deleted" is enabled
			var colName = session.Statement.colName(col)
			session.Statement.ConditionStr = fmt.Sprintf(
				"(%v IS NULL OR %v = '0001-01-01 00:00:00')", colName, colName)
		}
	}

	var sqlStr string
	var args []interface{}
	if session.Statement.RawSQL == "" {
		columnStr := session.Statement.genColumnStr()

		session.Statement.Params = append(session.Statement.joinArgs, append(session.Statement.Params, session.Statement.BeanArgs...)...)

		session.Statement.attachInSql()

		sqlStr = session.Statement.genSelectSQL(columnStr)
		args = session.Statement.Params
		// for mssql and use limit
		qs := strings.Count(sqlStr, "?")
		if len(args)*2 == qs {
			args = append(args, args...)
		}
	} else {
		sqlStr = session.Statement.RawSQL
		args = session.Statement.RawParams
	}

	var err error
	if session.Statement.JoinStr == "" {
		if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table); cacher != nil &&
			session.Statement.UseCache &&
			!session.Statement.IsDistinct &&
			!session.Statement.unscoped {
			err = session.cacheFind(sliceElementType, sqlStr, rowsSlicePtr, args...)
			if err != ErrCacheFailed {
				return err
			}
			err = nil // !nashtsai! reset err to nil for ErrCacheFailed
			session.Engine.logger.Warn("Cache Find Failed")
		}
	}

	if sliceValue.Kind() != reflect.Map {
		var rawRows *core.Rows

		session.queryPreprocess(&sqlStr, args...)
		if session.IsAutoCommit {
			_, rawRows, err = session.innerQuery(sqlStr, args...)
		} else {
			rawRows, err = session.Tx.Query(sqlStr, args...)
		}
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer rawRows.Close()

		fields, err := rawRows.Columns()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}

		var newElemFunc func() reflect.Value
		if sliceElementType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
			newElemFunc = func() reflect.Value {
				return reflect.New(sliceElementType.Elem())
			}
		} else {
			newElemFunc = func() reflect.Value {
				return reflect.New(sliceElementType)
			}
		}

		var sliceValueSetFunc func(*reflect.Value)

		if sliceValue.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
			if sliceElementType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
				sliceValueSetFunc = func(newValue *reflect.Value) {
					sliceValue.Set(reflect.Append(sliceValue, reflect.ValueOf(newValue.Interface())))
				}
			} else {
				sliceValueSetFunc = func(newValue *reflect.Value) {
					sliceValue.Set(reflect.Append(sliceValue, reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(newValue.Interface()))))
				}
			}
		}

		var newValue = newElemFunc()
		dataStruct := rValue(newValue.Interface())
		if dataStruct.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
			return errors.New("Expected a pointer to a struct")
		}

		return session.rows2Beans(rawRows, fields, len(fields), session.Engine.autoMapType(dataStruct), newElemFunc, sliceValueSetFunc)
	}

	resultsSlice, err := session.query(sqlStr, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	keyType := sliceValue.Type().Key()

	for _, results := range resultsSlice {
		var newValue reflect.Value
		if sliceElementType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
			newValue = reflect.New(sliceElementType.Elem())
		} else {
			newValue = reflect.New(sliceElementType)
		}
		err := session.scanMapIntoStruct(newValue.Interface(), results)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		var key interface{}
		// if there is only one pk, we can put the id as map key.
		if len(table.PrimaryKeys) == 1 {
			key, err = str2PK(string(results[table.PrimaryKeys[0]]), keyType)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		} else {
			if keyType.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
				panic("don't support multiple primary key's map has non-slice key type")
			} else {
				var keys core.PK = make([]interface{}, 0, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
				for _, pk := range table.PrimaryKeys {
					skey, err := str2PK(string(results[pk]), keyType)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
					keys = append(keys, skey)
				}
				key = keys
			}
		}

		if sliceElementType.Kind() == reflect.Ptr {
			sliceValue.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(key), reflect.ValueOf(newValue.Interface()))
		} else {
			sliceValue.SetMapIndex(reflect.ValueOf(key), reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(newValue.Interface())))
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// Ping test if database is ok
func (session *Session) Ping() error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	return session.DB().Ping()
}

func (engine *Engine) tableName(beanOrTableName interface{}) (string, error) {
	v := rValue(beanOrTableName)
	if v.Type().Kind() == reflect.String {
		return beanOrTableName.(string), nil
	} else if v.Type().Kind() == reflect.Struct {
		table := engine.autoMapType(v)
		return table.Name, nil
	}
	return "", errors.New("bean should be a struct or struct's point")
}

// IsTableExist if a table is exist
func (session *Session) IsTableExist(beanOrTableName interface{}) (bool, error) {
	tableName, err := session.Engine.tableName(beanOrTableName)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}

	return session.isTableExist(tableName)
}

func (session *Session) isTableExist(tableName string) (bool, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}
	sqlStr, args := session.Engine.dialect.TableCheckSql(tableName)
	results, err := session.query(sqlStr, args...)
	return len(results) > 0, err
}

// IsTableEmpty if table have any records
func (session *Session) IsTableEmpty(bean interface{}) (bool, error) {
	v := rValue(bean)
	t := v.Type()

	if t.Kind() == reflect.String {
		return session.isTableEmpty(bean.(string))
	} else if t.Kind() == reflect.Struct {
		session.Engine.autoMapType(v)
		rows, err := session.Count(bean)
		return rows == 0, err
	}
	return false, errors.New("bean should be a struct or struct's point")
}

func (session *Session) isTableEmpty(tableName string) (bool, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	var total int64
	sql := fmt.Sprintf("select count(*) from %s", session.Engine.Quote(tableName))
	err := session.DB().QueryRow(sql).Scan(&total)
	session.saveLastSQL(sql)
	if err != nil {
		return true, err
	}

	return total == 0, nil
}

func (session *Session) isIndexExist(tableName, idxName string, unique bool) (bool, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}
	var idx string
	if unique {
		idx = uniqueName(tableName, idxName)
	} else {
		idx = indexName(tableName, idxName)
	}
	sqlStr, args := session.Engine.dialect.IndexCheckSql(tableName, idx)
	results, err := session.query(sqlStr, args...)
	return len(results) > 0, err
}

// find if index is exist according cols
func (session *Session) isIndexExist2(tableName string, cols []string, unique bool) (bool, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	indexes, err := session.Engine.dialect.GetIndexes(tableName)
	if err != nil {
		return false, err
	}

	for _, index := range indexes {
		if sliceEq(index.Cols, cols) {
			if unique {
				return index.Type == core.UniqueType, nil
			} else {
				return index.Type == core.IndexType, nil
			}
		}
	}
	return false, nil
}

func (session *Session) addColumn(colName string) error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	col := session.Statement.RefTable.GetColumn(colName)
	sql, args := session.Statement.genAddColumnStr(col)
	_, err := session.exec(sql, args...)
	return err
}

func (session *Session) addIndex(tableName, idxName string) error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}
	index := session.Statement.RefTable.Indexes[idxName]
	sqlStr := session.Engine.dialect.CreateIndexSql(tableName, index)

	_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
	return err
}

func (session *Session) addUnique(tableName, uqeName string) error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}
	index := session.Statement.RefTable.Indexes[uqeName]
	sqlStr := session.Engine.dialect.CreateIndexSql(tableName, index)
	_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
	return err
}

// To be deleted
func (session *Session) dropAll() error {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	for _, table := range session.Engine.Tables {
		session.Statement.Init()
		session.Statement.RefTable = table
		sqlStr := session.Engine.Dialect().DropTableSql(session.Statement.TableName())
		_, err := session.exec(sqlStr)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func (session *Session) getField(dataStruct *reflect.Value, key string, table *core.Table, idx int) *reflect.Value {
	var col *core.Column
	if col = table.GetColumnIdx(key, idx); col == nil {
		session.Engine.logger.Warnf("table %v has no column %v. %v", table.Name, key, table.ColumnsSeq())
		return nil
	}

	fieldValue, err := col.ValueOfV(dataStruct)
	if err != nil {
		session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
		return nil
	}

	if !fieldValue.IsValid() || !fieldValue.CanSet() {
		session.Engine.logger.Warnf("table %v's column %v is not valid or cannot set",
			table.Name, key)
		return nil
	}
	return fieldValue
}

type Cell *interface{}

func (session *Session) rows2Beans(rows *core.Rows, fields []string, fieldsCount int,
	table *core.Table, newElemFunc func() reflect.Value,
	sliceValueSetFunc func(*reflect.Value)) error {
	for rows.Next() {
		var newValue = newElemFunc()
		bean := newValue.Interface()
		dataStruct := rValue(bean)
		err := session._row2Bean(rows, fields, fieldsCount, bean, &dataStruct, table)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		sliceValueSetFunc(&newValue)
	}
	return nil
}

func (session *Session) row2Bean(rows *core.Rows, fields []string, fieldsCount int, bean interface{}) error {
	dataStruct := rValue(bean)
	if dataStruct.Kind() != reflect.Struct {
		return errors.New("Expected a pointer to a struct")
	}

	table := session.Engine.autoMapType(dataStruct)
	return session._row2Bean(rows, fields, fieldsCount, bean, &dataStruct, table)
}

func (session *Session) _row2Bean(rows *core.Rows, fields []string, fieldsCount int, bean interface{}, dataStruct *reflect.Value, table *core.Table) error {
	scanResults := make([]interface{}, fieldsCount)
	for i := 0; i < len(fields); i++ {
		var cell interface{}
		scanResults[i] = &cell
	}
	if err := rows.Scan(scanResults...); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if b, hasBeforeSet := bean.(BeforeSetProcessor); hasBeforeSet {
		for ii, key := range fields {
			b.BeforeSet(key, Cell(scanResults[ii].(*interface{})))
		}
	}

	defer func() {
		if b, hasAfterSet := bean.(AfterSetProcessor); hasAfterSet {
			for ii, key := range fields {
				b.AfterSet(key, Cell(scanResults[ii].(*interface{})))
			}
		}
	}()

	var tempMap = make(map[string]int)
	for ii, key := range fields {
		var idx int
		var ok bool
		var lKey = strings.ToLower(key)
		if idx, ok = tempMap[lKey]; !ok {
			idx = 0
		} else {
			idx = idx + 1
		}
		tempMap[lKey] = idx

		if fieldValue := session.getField(dataStruct, key, table, idx); fieldValue != nil {
			rawValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(scanResults[ii]))

			// if row is null then ignore
			if rawValue.Interface() == nil {
				continue
			}

			if fieldValue.CanAddr() {
				if structConvert, ok := fieldValue.Addr().Interface().(core.Conversion); ok {
					if data, err := value2Bytes(&rawValue); err == nil {
						structConvert.FromDB(data)
					} else {
						session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
					}
					continue
				}
			}

			if _, ok := fieldValue.Interface().(core.Conversion); ok {
				if data, err := value2Bytes(&rawValue); err == nil {
					if fieldValue.Kind() == reflect.Ptr && fieldValue.IsNil() {
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.New(fieldValue.Type().Elem()))
					}
					fieldValue.Interface().(core.Conversion).FromDB(data)
				} else {
					session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
				}
				continue
			}

			rawValueType := reflect.TypeOf(rawValue.Interface())
			vv := reflect.ValueOf(rawValue.Interface())

			fieldType := fieldValue.Type()
			hasAssigned := false
			col := table.GetColumnIdx(key, idx)

			if col.SQLType.IsJson() {
				var bs []byte
				if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.String {
					bs = []byte(vv.String())
				} else if rawValueType.ConvertibleTo(core.BytesType) {
					bs = vv.Bytes()
				} else {
					return fmt.Errorf("unsupported database data type: %s %v", key, rawValueType.Kind())
				}

				hasAssigned = true

				if len(bs) > 0 {
					if fieldValue.CanAddr() {
						err := json.Unmarshal(bs, fieldValue.Addr().Interface())
						if err != nil {
							session.Engine.logger.Error(key, err)
							return err
						}
					} else {
						x := reflect.New(fieldType)
						err := json.Unmarshal(bs, x.Interface())
						if err != nil {
							session.Engine.logger.Error(key, err)
							return err
						}
						fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
					}
				}

				continue
			}

			switch fieldType.Kind() {
			case reflect.Complex64, reflect.Complex128:
				// TODO: reimplement this
				var bs []byte
				if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.String {
					bs = []byte(vv.String())
				} else if rawValueType.ConvertibleTo(core.BytesType) {
					bs = vv.Bytes()
				}

				hasAssigned = true
				if len(bs) > 0 {
					if fieldValue.CanAddr() {
						err := json.Unmarshal(bs, fieldValue.Addr().Interface())
						if err != nil {
							session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
							return err
						}
					} else {
						x := reflect.New(fieldType)
						err := json.Unmarshal(bs, x.Interface())
						if err != nil {
							session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
							return err
						}
						fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
					}
				}
			case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
				switch rawValueType.Kind() {
				case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array:
					switch rawValueType.Elem().Kind() {
					case reflect.Uint8:
						if fieldType.Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8 {
							hasAssigned = true
							fieldValue.Set(vv)
						}
					}
				}
			case reflect.String:
				if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.String {
					hasAssigned = true
					fieldValue.SetString(vv.String())
				}
			case reflect.Bool:
				if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Bool {
					hasAssigned = true
					fieldValue.SetBool(vv.Bool())
				}
			case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
				switch rawValueType.Kind() {
				case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
					hasAssigned = true
					fieldValue.SetInt(vv.Int())
				}
			case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
				switch rawValueType.Kind() {
				case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
					hasAssigned = true
					fieldValue.SetFloat(vv.Float())
				}
			case reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uint:
				switch rawValueType.Kind() {
				case reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uint:
					hasAssigned = true
					fieldValue.SetUint(vv.Uint())
				case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
					hasAssigned = true
					fieldValue.SetUint(uint64(vv.Int()))
				}
			case reflect.Struct:
				if fieldType.ConvertibleTo(core.TimeType) {
					if rawValueType == core.TimeType {
						hasAssigned = true

						t := vv.Convert(core.TimeType).Interface().(time.Time)
						z, _ := t.Zone()
						if len(z) == 0 || t.Year() == 0 { // !nashtsai! HACK tmp work around for lib/pq doesn't properly time with location
							session.Engine.logger.Debugf("empty zone key[%v] : %v | zone: %v | location: %+v\n", key, t, z, *t.Location())
							t = time.Date(t.Year(), t.Month(), t.Day(), t.Hour(),
								t.Minute(), t.Second(), t.Nanosecond(), time.Local)
						}
						// !nashtsai! convert to engine location
						if col.TimeZone == nil {
							t = t.In(session.Engine.TZLocation)
						} else {
							t = t.In(col.TimeZone)
						}
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t).Convert(fieldType))

						// t = fieldValue.Interface().(time.Time)
						// z, _ = t.Zone()
						// session.Engine.LogDebug("fieldValue key[%v]: %v | zone: %v | location: %+v\n", key, t, z, *t.Location())
					} else if rawValueType == core.IntType || rawValueType == core.Int64Type ||
						rawValueType == core.Int32Type {
						hasAssigned = true
						var tz *time.Location
						if col.TimeZone == nil {
							tz = session.Engine.TZLocation
						} else {
							tz = col.TimeZone
						}
						t := time.Unix(vv.Int(), 0).In(tz)
						//vv = reflect.ValueOf(t)
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t).Convert(fieldType))
					} else {
						if d, ok := vv.Interface().([]uint8); ok {
							hasAssigned = true
							t, err := session.byte2Time(col, d)
							if err != nil {
								session.Engine.logger.Error("byte2Time error:", err.Error())
								hasAssigned = false
							} else {
								fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t).Convert(fieldType))
							}
						} else if d, ok := vv.Interface().(string); ok {
							hasAssigned = true
							t, err := session.str2Time(col, d)
							if err != nil {
								session.Engine.logger.Error("byte2Time error:", err.Error())
								hasAssigned = false
							} else {
								fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(t).Convert(fieldType))
							}
						} else {
							panic(fmt.Sprintf("rawValueType is %v, value is %v", rawValueType, vv.Interface()))
						}
					}
				} else if nulVal, ok := fieldValue.Addr().Interface().(sql.Scanner); ok {
					// !<winxxp>! 增加支持sql.Scanner接口的结构，如sql.NullString
					hasAssigned = true
					if err := nulVal.Scan(vv.Interface()); err != nil {
						//fmt.Println("sql.Sanner error:", err.Error())
						session.Engine.logger.Error("sql.Sanner error:", err.Error())
						hasAssigned = false
					}
				} else if col.SQLType.IsJson() {
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.String {
						hasAssigned = true
						x := reflect.New(fieldType)
						if len([]byte(vv.String())) > 0 {
							err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(vv.String()), x.Interface())
							if err != nil {
								session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
								return err
							}
							fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
						}
					} else if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
						hasAssigned = true
						x := reflect.New(fieldType)
						if len(vv.Bytes()) > 0 {
							err := json.Unmarshal(vv.Bytes(), x.Interface())
							if err != nil {
								session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
								return err
							}
							fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
						}
					}
				} else if session.Statement.UseCascade {
					table := session.Engine.autoMapType(*fieldValue)
					if table != nil {
						if len(table.PrimaryKeys) != 1 {
							panic("unsupported non or composited primary key cascade")
						}
						var pk = make(core.PK, len(table.PrimaryKeys))

						switch rawValueType.Kind() {
						case reflect.Int64:
							pk[0] = vv.Int()
						case reflect.Int:
							pk[0] = int(vv.Int())
						case reflect.Int32:
							pk[0] = int32(vv.Int())
						case reflect.Int16:
							pk[0] = int16(vv.Int())
						case reflect.Int8:
							pk[0] = int8(vv.Int())
						case reflect.Uint64:
							pk[0] = vv.Uint()
						case reflect.Uint:
							pk[0] = uint(vv.Uint())
						case reflect.Uint32:
							pk[0] = uint32(vv.Uint())
						case reflect.Uint16:
							pk[0] = uint16(vv.Uint())
						case reflect.Uint8:
							pk[0] = uint8(vv.Uint())
						case reflect.String:
							pk[0] = vv.String()
						case reflect.Slice:
							pk[0], _ = strconv.ParseInt(string(rawValue.Interface().([]byte)), 10, 64)
						default:
							panic(fmt.Sprintf("unsupported primary key type: %v, %v", rawValueType, fieldValue))
						}

						if !isPKZero(pk) {
							// !nashtsai! TODO for hasOne relationship, it's preferred to use join query for eager fetch
							// however, also need to consider adding a 'lazy' attribute to xorm tag which allow hasOne
							// property to be fetched lazily
							structInter := reflect.New(fieldValue.Type())
							newsession := session.Engine.NewSession()
							defer newsession.Close()
							has, err := newsession.Id(pk).NoCascade().Get(structInter.Interface())
							if err != nil {
								return err
							}
							if has {
								v := structInter.Elem().Interface()
								fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v))
							} else {
								return errors.New("cascade obj is not exist!")
							}
						}
					} else {
						session.Engine.logger.Error("unsupported struct type in Scan: ", fieldValue.Type().String())
					}
				}
			case reflect.Ptr:
				// !nashtsai! TODO merge duplicated codes above
				//typeStr := fieldType.String()
				switch fieldType {
				// following types case matching ptr's native type, therefore assign ptr directly
				case core.PtrStringType:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.String {
						x := vv.String()
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrBoolType:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Bool {
						x := vv.Bool()
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrTimeType:
					if rawValueType == core.PtrTimeType {
						hasAssigned = true
						var x = rawValue.Interface().(time.Time)
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrFloat64Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Float64 {
						x := vv.Float()
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrUint64Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = uint64(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrInt64Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						x := vv.Int()
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrFloat32Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Float64 {
						var x = float32(vv.Float())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrIntType:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = int(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrInt32Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = int32(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrInt8Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = int8(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrInt16Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = int16(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrUintType:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = uint(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.PtrUint32Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = uint32(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.Uint8Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = uint8(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.Uint16Type:
					if rawValueType.Kind() == reflect.Int64 {
						var x = uint16(vv.Int())
						hasAssigned = true
						fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
					}
				case core.Complex64Type:
					var x complex64
					if len([]byte(vv.String())) > 0 {
						err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(vv.String()), &x)
						if err != nil {
							session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
						} else {
							fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
						}
					}
					hasAssigned = true
				case core.Complex128Type:
					var x complex128
					if len([]byte(vv.String())) > 0 {
						err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(vv.String()), &x)
						if err != nil {
							session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
						} else {
							fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
						}
					}
					hasAssigned = true
				} // switch fieldType
				// default:
				// 	session.Engine.LogError("unsupported type in Scan: ", reflect.TypeOf(v).String())
			} // switch fieldType.Kind()

			// !nashtsai! for value can't be assigned directly fallback to convert to []byte then back to value
			if !hasAssigned {
				data, err := value2Bytes(&rawValue)
				if err == nil {
					session.bytes2Value(col, fieldValue, data)
				} else {
					session.Engine.logger.Error(err.Error())
				}
			}
		}
	}
	return nil

}

func (session *Session) queryPreprocess(sqlStr *string, paramStr ...interface{}) {
	for _, filter := range session.Engine.dialect.Filters() {
		*sqlStr = filter.Do(*sqlStr, session.Engine.dialect, session.Statement.RefTable)
	}

	session.saveLastSQL(*sqlStr, paramStr...)
}

func (session *Session) query(sqlStr string, paramStr ...interface{}) (resultsSlice []map[string][]byte, err error) {

	session.queryPreprocess(&sqlStr, paramStr...)

	if session.IsAutoCommit {
		return session.innerQuery2(sqlStr, paramStr...)
	}
	return session.txQuery(session.Tx, sqlStr, paramStr...)
}

func (session *Session) txQuery(tx *core.Tx, sqlStr string, params ...interface{}) (resultsSlice []map[string][]byte, err error) {
	rows, err := tx.Query(sqlStr, params...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	return rows2maps(rows)
}

func (session *Session) innerQuery(sqlStr string, params ...interface{}) (*core.Stmt, *core.Rows, error) {
	var callback func() (*core.Stmt, *core.Rows, error)
	if session.prepareStmt {
		callback = func() (*core.Stmt, *core.Rows, error) {
			stmt, err := session.doPrepare(sqlStr)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, err
			}
			rows, err := stmt.Query(params...)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, err
			}
			return stmt, rows, nil
		}
	} else {
		callback = func() (*core.Stmt, *core.Rows, error) {
			rows, err := session.DB().Query(sqlStr, params...)
			if err != nil {
				return nil, nil, err
			}
			return nil, rows, err
		}
	}
	stmt, rows, err := session.Engine.logSQLQueryTime(sqlStr, params, callback)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, nil, err
	}
	return stmt, rows, nil
}

func (session *Session) innerQuery2(sqlStr string, params ...interface{}) ([]map[string][]byte, error) {
	_, rows, err := session.innerQuery(sqlStr, params...)
	if rows != nil {
		defer rows.Close()
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return rows2maps(rows)
}

// Exec a raw sql and return records as []map[string][]byte
func (session *Session) query1(sqlStr string, paramStr ...interface{}) (resultsSlice []map[string][]byte, err error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	return session.query(sqlStr, paramStr...)
}

// =============================
// for string
// =============================
func (session *Session) query2(sqlStr string, paramStr ...interface{}) (resultsSlice []map[string]string, err error) {
	session.queryPreprocess(&sqlStr, paramStr...)

	if session.IsAutoCommit {
		return query2(session.DB(), sqlStr, paramStr...)
	}
	return txQuery2(session.Tx, sqlStr, paramStr...)
}

// Insert insert one or more beans
func (session *Session) Insert(beans ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
	var affected int64
	var err error
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	for _, bean := range beans {
		sliceValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(bean))
		if sliceValue.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
			size := sliceValue.Len()
			if size > 0 {
				if session.Engine.SupportInsertMany() {
					cnt, err := session.innerInsertMulti(bean)
					if err != nil {
						return affected, err
					}
					affected += cnt
				} else {
					for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
						cnt, err := session.innerInsert(sliceValue.Index(i).Interface())
						if err != nil {
							return affected, err
						}
						affected += cnt
					}
				}
			}
		} else {
			cnt, err := session.innerInsert(bean)
			if err != nil {
				return affected, err
			}
			affected += cnt
		}
	}

	return affected, err
}

func (session *Session) innerInsertMulti(rowsSlicePtr interface{}) (int64, error) {
	sliceValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(rowsSlicePtr))
	if sliceValue.Kind() != reflect.Slice {
		return 0, errors.New("needs a pointer to a slice")
	}

	bean := sliceValue.Index(0).Interface()
	elementValue := rValue(bean)
	//sliceElementType := elementValue.Type()

	table := session.Engine.autoMapType(elementValue)
	session.Statement.RefTable = table

	size := sliceValue.Len()

	colNames := make([]string, 0)
	colMultiPlaces := make([]string, 0)
	var args = make([]interface{}, 0)
	cols := make([]*core.Column, 0)

	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
		v := sliceValue.Index(i)
		vv := reflect.Indirect(v)
		elemValue := v.Interface()
		colPlaces := make([]string, 0)

		// handle BeforeInsertProcessor
		// !nashtsai! does user expect it's same slice to passed closure when using Before()/After() when insert multi??
		for _, closure := range session.beforeClosures {
			closure(elemValue)
		}

		if processor, ok := interface{}(elemValue).(BeforeInsertProcessor); ok {
			processor.BeforeInsert()
		}
		// --

		if i == 0 {
			for _, col := range table.Columns() {
				ptrFieldValue, err := col.ValueOfV(&vv)
				if err != nil {
					return 0, err
				}
				fieldValue := *ptrFieldValue
				if col.IsAutoIncrement && isZero(fieldValue.Interface()) {
					continue
				}
				if col.MapType == core.ONLYFROMDB {
					continue
				}
				if col.IsDeleted {
					continue
				}
				if session.Statement.ColumnStr != "" {
					if _, ok := session.Statement.columnMap[strings.ToLower(col.Name)]; !ok {
						continue
					}
				}
				if session.Statement.OmitStr != "" {
					if _, ok := session.Statement.columnMap[strings.ToLower(col.Name)]; ok {
						continue
					}
				}
				if (col.IsCreated || col.IsUpdated) && session.Statement.UseAutoTime {
					val, t := session.Engine.NowTime2(col.SQLType.Name)
					args = append(args, val)

					var colName = col.Name
					session.afterClosures = append(session.afterClosures, func(bean interface{}) {
						col := table.GetColumn(colName)
						setColumnTime(bean, col, t)
					})
				} else {
					arg, err := session.value2Interface(col, fieldValue)
					if err != nil {
						return 0, err
					}
					args = append(args, arg)
				}

				colNames = append(colNames, col.Name)
				cols = append(cols, col)
				colPlaces = append(colPlaces, "?")
			}
		} else {
			for _, col := range cols {
				ptrFieldValue, err := col.ValueOfV(&vv)
				if err != nil {
					return 0, err
				}
				fieldValue := *ptrFieldValue

				if col.IsAutoIncrement && isZero(fieldValue.Interface()) {
					continue
				}
				if col.MapType == core.ONLYFROMDB {
					continue
				}
				if col.IsDeleted {
					continue
				}
				if session.Statement.ColumnStr != "" {
					if _, ok := session.Statement.columnMap[strings.ToLower(col.Name)]; !ok {
						continue
					}
				}
				if session.Statement.OmitStr != "" {
					if _, ok := session.Statement.columnMap[strings.ToLower(col.Name)]; ok {
						continue
					}
				}
				if (col.IsCreated || col.IsUpdated) && session.Statement.UseAutoTime {
					val, t := session.Engine.NowTime2(col.SQLType.Name)
					args = append(args, val)

					var colName = col.Name
					session.afterClosures = append(session.afterClosures, func(bean interface{}) {
						col := table.GetColumn(colName)
						setColumnTime(bean, col, t)
					})
				} else {
					arg, err := session.value2Interface(col, fieldValue)
					if err != nil {
						return 0, err
					}
					args = append(args, arg)
				}

				colPlaces = append(colPlaces, "?")
			}
		}
		colMultiPlaces = append(colMultiPlaces, strings.Join(colPlaces, ", "))
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.beforeClosures)

	statement := fmt.Sprintf("INSERT INTO %s (%v%v%v) VALUES (%v)",
		session.Engine.Quote(session.Statement.TableName()),
		session.Engine.QuoteStr(),
		strings.Join(colNames, session.Engine.QuoteStr()+", "+session.Engine.QuoteStr()),
		session.Engine.QuoteStr(),
		strings.Join(colMultiPlaces, "),("))

	res, err := session.exec(statement, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table); cacher != nil && session.Statement.UseCache {
		session.cacheInsert(session.Statement.TableName())
	}

	lenAfterClosures := len(session.afterClosures)
	for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
		elemValue := reflect.Indirect(sliceValue.Index(i)).Addr().Interface()

		// handle AfterInsertProcessor
		if session.IsAutoCommit {
			// !nashtsai! does user expect it's same slice to passed closure when using Before()/After() when insert multi??
			for _, closure := range session.afterClosures {
				closure(elemValue)
			}
			if processor, ok := interface{}(elemValue).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
				processor.AfterInsert()
			}
		} else {
			if lenAfterClosures > 0 {
				if value, has := session.afterInsertBeans[elemValue]; has && value != nil {
					*value = append(*value, session.afterClosures...)
				} else {
					afterClosures := make([]func(interface{}), lenAfterClosures)
					copy(afterClosures, session.afterClosures)
					session.afterInsertBeans[elemValue] = &afterClosures
				}
			} else {
				if _, ok := interface{}(elemValue).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
					session.afterInsertBeans[elemValue] = nil
				}
			}
		}
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.afterClosures)
	return res.RowsAffected()
}

// InsertMulti insert multiple records
func (session *Session) InsertMulti(rowsSlicePtr interface{}) (int64, error) {
	sliceValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(rowsSlicePtr))
	if sliceValue.Kind() == reflect.Slice {
		if sliceValue.Len() > 0 {
			defer session.resetStatement()
			if session.IsAutoClose {
				defer session.Close()
			}
			return session.innerInsertMulti(rowsSlicePtr)
		}
		return 0, nil
	}
	return 0, ErrParamsType
}

func (session *Session) str2Time(col *core.Column, data string) (outTime time.Time, outErr error) {
	sdata := strings.TrimSpace(data)
	var x time.Time
	var err error

	if sdata == "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ||
		sdata == "0001-01-01 00:00:00" {
	} else if !strings.ContainsAny(sdata, "- :") { // !nashtsai! has only found that mymysql driver is using this for time type column
		// time stamp
		sd, err := strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
		if err == nil {
			x = time.Unix(sd, 0)
			// !nashtsai! HACK mymysql driver is casuing Local location being change to CHAT and cause wrong time conversion
			//fmt.Println(x.In(session.Engine.TZLocation), "===")
			if col.TimeZone == nil {
				x = x.In(session.Engine.TZLocation)
			} else {
				x = x.In(col.TimeZone)
			}
			//fmt.Println(x, "=====")
			session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(0) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
		} else {
			session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(0) err key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
		}
	} else if len(sdata) > 19 && strings.Contains(sdata, "-") {
		x, err = time.ParseInLocation(time.RFC3339Nano, sdata, session.Engine.TZLocation)
		session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(1) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
		if err != nil {
			x, err = time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05.999999999", sdata, session.Engine.TZLocation)
			session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(2) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
		}
		if err != nil {
			x, err = time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05.9999999 Z07:00", sdata, session.Engine.TZLocation)
			session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(3) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
		}

	} else if len(sdata) == 19 && strings.Contains(sdata, "-") {
		x, err = time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", sdata, session.Engine.TZLocation)
		session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(4) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
	} else if len(sdata) == 10 && sdata[4] == '-' && sdata[7] == '-' {
		x, err = time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02", sdata, session.Engine.TZLocation)
		session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(5) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
	} else if col.SQLType.Name == core.Time {
		if strings.Contains(sdata, " ") {
			ssd := strings.Split(sdata, " ")
			sdata = ssd[1]
		}

		sdata = strings.TrimSpace(sdata)
		if session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MYSQL && len(sdata) > 8 {
			sdata = sdata[len(sdata)-8:]
		}

		st := fmt.Sprintf("2006-01-02 %v", sdata)
		x, err = time.ParseInLocation("2006-01-02 15:04:05", st, session.Engine.TZLocation)
		session.Engine.logger.Debugf("time(6) key[%v]: %+v | sdata: [%v]\n", col.FieldName, x, sdata)
	} else {
		outErr = fmt.Errorf("unsupported time format %v", sdata)
		return
	}
	if err != nil {
		outErr = fmt.Errorf("unsupported time format %v: %v", sdata, err)
		return
	}
	outTime = x
	return
}

func (session *Session) byte2Time(col *core.Column, data []byte) (outTime time.Time, outErr error) {
	return session.str2Time(col, string(data))
}

// convert a db data([]byte) to a field value
func (session *Session) bytes2Value(col *core.Column, fieldValue *reflect.Value, data []byte) error {
	if structConvert, ok := fieldValue.Addr().Interface().(core.Conversion); ok {
		return structConvert.FromDB(data)
	}

	if structConvert, ok := fieldValue.Interface().(core.Conversion); ok {
		return structConvert.FromDB(data)
	}

	var v interface{}
	key := col.Name
	fieldType := fieldValue.Type()

	switch fieldType.Kind() {
	case reflect.Complex64, reflect.Complex128:
		x := reflect.New(fieldType)
		if len(data) > 0 {
			err := json.Unmarshal(data, x.Interface())
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
				return err
			}
			fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
		}
	case reflect.Slice, reflect.Array, reflect.Map:
		v = data
		t := fieldType.Elem()
		k := t.Kind()
		if col.SQLType.IsText() {
			x := reflect.New(fieldType)
			if len(data) > 0 {
				err := json.Unmarshal(data, x.Interface())
				if err != nil {
					session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
					return err
				}
				fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
			}
		} else if col.SQLType.IsBlob() {
			if k == reflect.Uint8 {
				fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v))
			} else {
				x := reflect.New(fieldType)
				if len(data) > 0 {
					err := json.Unmarshal(data, x.Interface())
					if err != nil {
						session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
						return err
					}
					fieldValue.Set(x.Elem())
				}
			}
		} else {
			return ErrUnSupportedType
		}
	case reflect.String:
		fieldValue.SetString(string(data))
	case reflect.Bool:
		d := string(data)
		v, err := strconv.ParseBool(d)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as bool: %s", key, err.Error())
		}
		fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v))
	case reflect.Int, reflect.Int8, reflect.Int16, reflect.Int32, reflect.Int64:
		sdata := string(data)
		var x int64
		var err error
		// for mysql, when use bit, it returned \x01
		if col.SQLType.Name == core.Bit &&
			session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MYSQL { // !nashtsai! TODO dialect needs to provide conversion interface API
			if len(data) == 1 {
				x = int64(data[0])
			} else {
				x = 0
			}
		} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0x") {
			x, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 16, 64)
		} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0") {
			x, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 8, 64)
		} else if strings.ToLower(sdata) == "true" {
			x = 1
		} else if strings.ToLower(sdata) == "false" {
			x = 0
		} else {
			x, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
		}
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
		}
		fieldValue.SetInt(x)
	case reflect.Float32, reflect.Float64:
		x, err := strconv.ParseFloat(string(data), 64)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as float64: %s", key, err.Error())
		}
		fieldValue.SetFloat(x)
	case reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uint:
		x, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(data), 10, 64)
		if err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
		}
		fieldValue.SetUint(x)
	//Currently only support Time type
	case reflect.Struct:
		// !<winxxp>! 增加支持sql.Scanner接口的结构，如sql.NullString
		if nulVal, ok := fieldValue.Addr().Interface().(sql.Scanner); ok {
			if err := nulVal.Scan(data); err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("sql.Scan(%v) failed: %s ", data, err.Error())
			}
		} else {
			if fieldType.ConvertibleTo(core.TimeType) {
				x, err := session.byte2Time(col, data)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				v = x
				fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v).Convert(fieldType))
			} else if session.Statement.UseCascade {
				table := session.Engine.autoMapType(*fieldValue)
				if table != nil {
					// TODO: current only support 1 primary key
					if len(table.PrimaryKeys) > 1 {
						panic("unsupported composited primary key cascade")
					}
					var pk = make(core.PK, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
					rawValueType := table.ColumnType(table.PKColumns()[0].FieldName)
					var err error
					pk[0], err = str2PK(string(data), rawValueType)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}

					if !isPKZero(pk) {
						// !nashtsai! TODO for hasOne relationship, it's preferred to use join query for eager fetch
						// however, also need to consider adding a 'lazy' attribute to xorm tag which allow hasOne
						// property to be fetched lazily
						structInter := reflect.New(fieldValue.Type())
						newsession := session.Engine.NewSession()
						defer newsession.Close()
						has, err := newsession.Id(pk).NoCascade().Get(structInter.Interface())
						if err != nil {
							return err
						}
						if has {
							v = structInter.Elem().Interface()
							fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v))
						} else {
							return errors.New("cascade obj is not exist")
						}
					}
				} else {
					return fmt.Errorf("unsupported struct type in Scan: %s", fieldValue.Type().String())
				}
			}
		}
	case reflect.Ptr:
		// !nashtsai! TODO merge duplicated codes above
		//typeStr := fieldType.String()
		switch fieldType.Elem().Kind() {
		// case "*string":
		case core.StringType.Kind():
			x := string(data)
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*bool":
		case core.BoolType.Kind():
			d := string(data)
			v, err := strconv.ParseBool(d)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as bool: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&v).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*complex64":
		case core.Complex64Type.Kind():
			var x complex64
			if len(data) > 0 {
				err := json.Unmarshal(data, &x)
				if err != nil {
					session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
					return err
				}
				fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
			}
		// case "*complex128":
		case core.Complex128Type.Kind():
			var x complex128
			if len(data) > 0 {
				err := json.Unmarshal(data, &x)
				if err != nil {
					session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
					return err
				}
				fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
			}
		// case "*float64":
		case core.Float64Type.Kind():
			x, err := strconv.ParseFloat(string(data), 64)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as float64: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*float32":
		case core.Float32Type.Kind():
			var x float32
			x1, err := strconv.ParseFloat(string(data), 32)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as float32: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			x = float32(x1)
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*uint64":
		case core.Uint64Type.Kind():
			var x uint64
			x, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(data), 10, 64)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*uint":
		case core.UintType.Kind():
			var x uint
			x1, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(data), 10, 64)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			x = uint(x1)
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*uint32":
		case core.Uint32Type.Kind():
			var x uint32
			x1, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(data), 10, 64)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			x = uint32(x1)
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*uint8":
		case core.Uint8Type.Kind():
			var x uint8
			x1, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(data), 10, 64)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			x = uint8(x1)
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*uint16":
		case core.Uint16Type.Kind():
			var x uint16
			x1, err := strconv.ParseUint(string(data), 10, 64)
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			x = uint16(x1)
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*int64":
		case core.Int64Type.Kind():
			sdata := string(data)
			var x int64
			var err error
			// for mysql, when use bit, it returned \x01
			if col.SQLType.Name == core.Bit &&
				strings.Contains(session.Engine.DriverName(), "mysql") {
				if len(data) == 1 {
					x = int64(data[0])
				} else {
					x = 0
				}
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0x") {
				x, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 16, 64)
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0") {
				x, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 8, 64)
			} else {
				x, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*int":
		case core.IntType.Kind():
			sdata := string(data)
			var x int
			var x1 int64
			var err error
			// for mysql, when use bit, it returned \x01
			if col.SQLType.Name == core.Bit &&
				strings.Contains(session.Engine.DriverName(), "mysql") {
				if len(data) == 1 {
					x = int(data[0])
				} else {
					x = 0
				}
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0x") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 16, 64)
				x = int(x1)
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 8, 64)
				x = int(x1)
			} else {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
				x = int(x1)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*int32":
		case core.Int32Type.Kind():
			sdata := string(data)
			var x int32
			var x1 int64
			var err error
			// for mysql, when use bit, it returned \x01
			if col.SQLType.Name == core.Bit &&
				session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MYSQL {
				if len(data) == 1 {
					x = int32(data[0])
				} else {
					x = 0
				}
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0x") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 16, 64)
				x = int32(x1)
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 8, 64)
				x = int32(x1)
			} else {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
				x = int32(x1)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*int8":
		case core.Int8Type.Kind():
			sdata := string(data)
			var x int8
			var x1 int64
			var err error
			// for mysql, when use bit, it returned \x01
			if col.SQLType.Name == core.Bit &&
				strings.Contains(session.Engine.DriverName(), "mysql") {
				if len(data) == 1 {
					x = int8(data[0])
				} else {
					x = 0
				}
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0x") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 16, 64)
				x = int8(x1)
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 8, 64)
				x = int8(x1)
			} else {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
				x = int8(x1)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*int16":
		case core.Int16Type.Kind():
			sdata := string(data)
			var x int16
			var x1 int64
			var err error
			// for mysql, when use bit, it returned \x01
			if col.SQLType.Name == core.Bit &&
				strings.Contains(session.Engine.DriverName(), "mysql") {
				if len(data) == 1 {
					x = int16(data[0])
				} else {
					x = 0
				}
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0x") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 16, 64)
				x = int16(x1)
			} else if strings.HasPrefix(sdata, "0") {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 8, 64)
				x = int16(x1)
			} else {
				x1, err = strconv.ParseInt(sdata, 10, 64)
				x = int16(x1)
			}
			if err != nil {
				return fmt.Errorf("arg %v as int: %s", key, err.Error())
			}
			fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x).Convert(fieldType))
		// case "*SomeStruct":
		case reflect.Struct:
			switch fieldType {
			// case "*.time.Time":
			case core.PtrTimeType:
				x, err := session.byte2Time(col, data)
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
				v = x
				fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(&x))
			default:
				if session.Statement.UseCascade {
					structInter := reflect.New(fieldType.Elem())
					table := session.Engine.autoMapType(structInter.Elem())
					if table != nil {
						if len(table.PrimaryKeys) > 1 {
							panic("unsupported composited primary key cascade")
						}
						var pk = make(core.PK, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
						var err error
						rawValueType := table.ColumnType(table.PKColumns()[0].FieldName)
						pk[0], err = str2PK(string(data), rawValueType)
						if err != nil {
							return err
						}

						if !isPKZero(pk) {
							// !nashtsai! TODO for hasOne relationship, it's preferred to use join query for eager fetch
							// however, also need to consider adding a 'lazy' attribute to xorm tag which allow hasOne
							// property to be fetched lazily
							newsession := session.Engine.NewSession()
							defer newsession.Close()
							has, err := newsession.Id(pk).NoCascade().Get(structInter.Interface())
							if err != nil {
								return err
							}
							if has {
								v = structInter.Interface()
								fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v))
							} else {
								return errors.New("cascade obj is not exist")
							}
						}
					}
				} else {
					return fmt.Errorf("unsupported struct type in Scan: %s", fieldValue.Type().String())
				}
			}
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("unsupported type in Scan: %s", fieldValue.Type().String())
		}
	default:
		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported type in Scan: %s", fieldValue.Type().String())
	}

	return nil
}

// convert a field value of a struct to interface for put into db
func (session *Session) value2Interface(col *core.Column, fieldValue reflect.Value) (interface{}, error) {
	if fieldValue.CanAddr() {
		if fieldConvert, ok := fieldValue.Addr().Interface().(core.Conversion); ok {
			data, err := fieldConvert.ToDB()
			if err != nil {
				return 0, err
			}
			return string(data), nil
		}
	}

	if fieldConvert, ok := fieldValue.Interface().(core.Conversion); ok {
		data, err := fieldConvert.ToDB()
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		return string(data), nil
	}

	fieldType := fieldValue.Type()
	k := fieldType.Kind()
	if k == reflect.Ptr {
		if fieldValue.IsNil() {
			return nil, nil
		} else if !fieldValue.IsValid() {
			session.Engine.logger.Warn("the field[", col.FieldName, "] is invalid")
			return nil, nil
		} else {
			// !nashtsai! deference pointer type to instance type
			fieldValue = fieldValue.Elem()
			fieldType = fieldValue.Type()
			k = fieldType.Kind()
		}
	}

	switch k {
	case reflect.Bool:
		return fieldValue.Bool(), nil
	case reflect.String:
		return fieldValue.String(), nil
	case reflect.Struct:
		if fieldType.ConvertibleTo(core.TimeType) {
			t := fieldValue.Convert(core.TimeType).Interface().(time.Time)
			if session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MSSQL {
				if t.IsZero() {
					return nil, nil
				}
			}
			tf := session.Engine.FormatTime(col.SQLType.Name, t)
			return tf, nil
		}

		if !col.SQLType.IsJson() {
			// !<winxxp>! 增加支持driver.Valuer接口的结构，如sql.NullString
			if v, ok := fieldValue.Interface().(driver.Valuer); ok {
				return v.Value()
			}

			fieldTable := session.Engine.autoMapType(fieldValue)
			if len(fieldTable.PrimaryKeys) == 1 {
				pkField := reflect.Indirect(fieldValue).FieldByName(fieldTable.PKColumns()[0].FieldName)
				return pkField.Interface(), nil
			}
			return 0, fmt.Errorf("no primary key for col %v", col.Name)
		}

		if col.SQLType.IsText() {
			bytes, err := json.Marshal(fieldValue.Interface())
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
				return 0, err
			}
			return string(bytes), nil
		} else if col.SQLType.IsBlob() {
			bytes, err := json.Marshal(fieldValue.Interface())
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
				return 0, err
			}
			return bytes, nil
		}
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Unsupported type %v", fieldValue.Type())
	case reflect.Complex64, reflect.Complex128:
		bytes, err := json.Marshal(fieldValue.Interface())
		if err != nil {
			session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
			return 0, err
		}
		return string(bytes), nil
	case reflect.Array, reflect.Slice, reflect.Map:
		if !fieldValue.IsValid() {
			return fieldValue.Interface(), nil
		}

		if col.SQLType.IsText() {
			bytes, err := json.Marshal(fieldValue.Interface())
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
				return 0, err
			}
			return string(bytes), nil
		} else if col.SQLType.IsBlob() {
			var bytes []byte
			var err error
			if (k == reflect.Array || k == reflect.Slice) &&
				(fieldValue.Type().Elem().Kind() == reflect.Uint8) {
				bytes = fieldValue.Bytes()
			} else {
				bytes, err = json.Marshal(fieldValue.Interface())
				if err != nil {
					session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
					return 0, err
				}
			}
			return bytes, nil
		}
		return nil, ErrUnSupportedType
	case reflect.Uint8, reflect.Uint16, reflect.Uint32, reflect.Uint64, reflect.Uint:
		return int64(fieldValue.Uint()), nil
	default:
		return fieldValue.Interface(), nil
	}
}

func (session *Session) innerInsert(bean interface{}) (int64, error) {
	table := session.Engine.TableInfo(bean)
	session.Statement.RefTable = table

	// handle BeforeInsertProcessor
	for _, closure := range session.beforeClosures {
		closure(bean)
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.beforeClosures) // cleanup after used

	if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(BeforeInsertProcessor); ok {
		processor.BeforeInsert()
	}
	// --
	colNames, args, err := genCols(table, session, bean, false, false)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	// insert expr columns, override if exists
	exprColumns := session.Statement.getExpr()
	exprColVals := make([]string, 0, len(exprColumns))
	for _, v := range exprColumns {
		// remove the expr columns
		for i, colName := range colNames {
			if colName == v.colName {
				colNames = append(colNames[:i], colNames[i+1:]...)
				args = append(args[:i], args[i+1:]...)
			}
		}

		// append expr column to the end
		colNames = append(colNames, v.colName)
		exprColVals = append(exprColVals, v.expr)
	}

	colPlaces := strings.Repeat("?, ", len(colNames)-len(exprColumns))
	if len(exprColVals) > 0 {
		colPlaces = colPlaces + strings.Join(exprColVals, ", ")
	} else {
		colPlaces = colPlaces[0 : len(colPlaces)-2]
	}

	sqlStr := fmt.Sprintf("INSERT INTO %s (%v%v%v) VALUES (%v)",
		session.Engine.Quote(session.Statement.TableName()),
		session.Engine.QuoteStr(),
		strings.Join(colNames, session.Engine.Quote(", ")),
		session.Engine.QuoteStr(),
		colPlaces)

	handleAfterInsertProcessorFunc := func(bean interface{}) {

		if session.IsAutoCommit {
			for _, closure := range session.afterClosures {
				closure(bean)
			}
			if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
				processor.AfterInsert()
			}
		} else {
			lenAfterClosures := len(session.afterClosures)
			if lenAfterClosures > 0 {
				if value, has := session.afterInsertBeans[bean]; has && value != nil {
					*value = append(*value, session.afterClosures...)
				} else {
					afterClosures := make([]func(interface{}), lenAfterClosures)
					copy(afterClosures, session.afterClosures)
					session.afterInsertBeans[bean] = &afterClosures
				}

			} else {
				if _, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
					session.afterInsertBeans[bean] = nil
				}
			}
		}
		cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.afterClosures) // cleanup after used
	}

	// for postgres, many of them didn't implement lastInsertId, so we should
	// implemented it ourself.
	if session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.ORACLE && len(table.AutoIncrement) > 0 {
		//assert table.AutoIncrement != ""
		res, err := session.query("select seq_atable.currval from dual", args...)

		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}

		handleAfterInsertProcessorFunc(bean)

		if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table); cacher != nil && session.Statement.UseCache {
			session.cacheInsert(session.Statement.TableName())
		}

		if table.Version != "" && session.Statement.checkVersion {
			verValue, err := table.VersionColumn().ValueOf(bean)
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
			} else if verValue.IsValid() && verValue.CanSet() {
				verValue.SetInt(1)
			}
		}

		if len(res) < 1 {
			return 0, errors.New("insert no error but not returned id")
		}

		idByte := res[0][table.AutoIncrement]
		id, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(idByte), 10, 64)
		if err != nil {
			return 1, err
		}

		aiValue, err := table.AutoIncrColumn().ValueOf(bean)
		if err != nil {
			session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
		}

		if aiValue == nil || !aiValue.IsValid() /*|| aiValue. != 0*/ || !aiValue.CanSet() {
			return 1, nil
		}

		aiValue.Set(int64ToIntValue(id, aiValue.Type()))

		return 1, nil
	} else if session.Engine.dialect.DBType() == core.POSTGRES && len(table.AutoIncrement) > 0 {
		//assert table.AutoIncrement != ""
		sqlStr = sqlStr + " RETURNING " + session.Engine.Quote(table.AutoIncrement)
		res, err := session.query(sqlStr, args...)

		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		handleAfterInsertProcessorFunc(bean)

		if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table); cacher != nil && session.Statement.UseCache {
			session.cacheInsert(session.Statement.TableName())
		}

		if table.Version != "" && session.Statement.checkVersion {
			verValue, err := table.VersionColumn().ValueOf(bean)
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
			} else if verValue.IsValid() && verValue.CanSet() {
				verValue.SetInt(1)
			}
		}

		if len(res) < 1 {
			return 0, errors.New("insert no error but not returned id")
		}

		idByte := res[0][table.AutoIncrement]
		id, err := strconv.ParseInt(string(idByte), 10, 64)
		if err != nil {
			return 1, err
		}

		aiValue, err := table.AutoIncrColumn().ValueOf(bean)
		if err != nil {
			session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
		}

		if aiValue == nil || !aiValue.IsValid() /*|| aiValue. != 0*/ || !aiValue.CanSet() {
			return 1, nil
		}

		aiValue.Set(int64ToIntValue(id, aiValue.Type()))

		return 1, nil
	} else {
		res, err := session.exec(sqlStr, args...)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}
		handleAfterInsertProcessorFunc(bean)

		if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table); cacher != nil && session.Statement.UseCache {
			session.cacheInsert(session.Statement.TableName())
		}

		if table.Version != "" && session.Statement.checkVersion {
			verValue, err := table.VersionColumn().ValueOf(bean)
			if err != nil {
				session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
			} else if verValue.IsValid() && verValue.CanSet() {
				verValue.SetInt(1)
			}
		}

		if table.AutoIncrement == "" {
			return res.RowsAffected()
		}

		var id int64
		id, err = res.LastInsertId()
		if err != nil || id <= 0 {
			return res.RowsAffected()
		}

		aiValue, err := table.AutoIncrColumn().ValueOf(bean)
		if err != nil {
			session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
		}

		if aiValue == nil || !aiValue.IsValid() /*|| aiValue.Int() != 0*/ || !aiValue.CanSet() {
			return res.RowsAffected()
		}

		v := int64ToInt(id, aiValue.Type())
		aiValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(v))

		return res.RowsAffected()
	}
}

// InsertOne insert only one struct into database as a record.
// The in parameter bean must a struct or a point to struct. The return
// parameter is inserted and error
func (session *Session) InsertOne(bean interface{}) (int64, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	return session.innerInsert(bean)
}

func (session *Session) cacheInsert(tables ...string) error {
	if session.Statement.RefTable == nil {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}

	table := session.Statement.RefTable
	cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table)

	for _, t := range tables {
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cache] clear sql:", t)
		cacher.ClearIds(t)
	}

	return nil
}

func (session *Session) cacheUpdate(sqlStr string, args ...interface{}) error {
	if session.Statement.RefTable == nil ||
		session.Tx != nil {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}

	oldhead, newsql := session.Statement.convertUpdateSQL(sqlStr)
	if newsql == "" {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}
	for _, filter := range session.Engine.dialect.Filters() {
		newsql = filter.Do(newsql, session.Engine.dialect, session.Statement.RefTable)
	}
	session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] new sql", oldhead, newsql)

	var nStart int
	if len(args) > 0 {
		if strings.Index(sqlStr, "?") > -1 {
			nStart = strings.Count(oldhead, "?")
		} else {
			// only for pq, TODO: if any other databse?
			nStart = strings.Count(oldhead, "$")
		}
	}
	table := session.Statement.RefTable
	cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table)
	tableName := session.Statement.TableName()
	session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] get cache sql", newsql, args[nStart:])
	ids, err := core.GetCacheSql(cacher, tableName, newsql, args[nStart:])
	if err != nil {
		rows, err := session.DB().Query(newsql, args[nStart:]...)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		defer rows.Close()

		ids = make([]core.PK, 0)
		for rows.Next() {
			var res = make([]string, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
			err = rows.ScanSlice(&res)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			var pk core.PK = make([]interface{}, len(table.PrimaryKeys))
			for i, col := range table.PKColumns() {
				if col.SQLType.IsNumeric() {
					n, err := strconv.ParseInt(res[i], 10, 64)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
					pk[i] = n
				} else if col.SQLType.IsText() {
					pk[i] = res[i]
				} else {
					return errors.New("not supported")
				}
			}

			ids = append(ids, pk)
		}
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] find updated id", ids)
	} /*else {
	    session.Engine.LogDebug("[xorm:cacheUpdate] del cached sql:", tableName, newsql, args)
	    cacher.DelIds(tableName, genSqlKey(newsql, args))
	}*/

	for _, id := range ids {
		sid, err := id.ToString()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		if bean := cacher.GetBean(tableName, sid); bean != nil {
			sqls := splitNNoCase(sqlStr, "where", 2)
			if len(sqls) == 0 || len(sqls) > 2 {
				return ErrCacheFailed
			}

			sqls = splitNNoCase(sqls[0], "set", 2)
			if len(sqls) != 2 {
				return ErrCacheFailed
			}
			kvs := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(sqls[1]), ",")
			for idx, kv := range kvs {
				sps := strings.SplitN(kv, "=", 2)
				sps2 := strings.Split(sps[0], ".")
				colName := sps2[len(sps2)-1]
				if strings.Contains(colName, "`") {
					colName = strings.TrimSpace(strings.Replace(colName, "`", "", -1))
				} else if strings.Contains(colName, session.Engine.QuoteStr()) {
					colName = strings.TrimSpace(strings.Replace(colName, session.Engine.QuoteStr(), "", -1))
				} else {
					session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] cannot find column", tableName, colName)
					return ErrCacheFailed
				}

				if col := table.GetColumn(colName); col != nil {
					fieldValue, err := col.ValueOf(bean)
					if err != nil {
						session.Engine.logger.Error(err)
					} else {
						session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] set bean field", bean, colName, fieldValue.Interface())
						if col.IsVersion && session.Statement.checkVersion {
							fieldValue.SetInt(fieldValue.Int() + 1)
						} else {
							fieldValue.Set(reflect.ValueOf(args[idx]))
						}
					}
				} else {
					session.Engine.logger.Errorf("[cacheUpdate] ERROR: column %v is not table %v's",
						colName, table.Name)
				}
			}

			session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] update cache", tableName, id, bean)
			cacher.PutBean(tableName, sid, bean)
		}
	}
	session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheUpdate] clear cached table sql:", tableName)
	cacher.ClearIds(tableName)
	return nil
}

// Update records, bean's non-empty fields are updated contents,
// condiBean' non-empty filds are conditions
// CAUTION:
//        1.bool will defaultly be updated content nor conditions
//         You should call UseBool if you have bool to use.
//        2.float32 & float64 may be not inexact as conditions
func (session *Session) Update(bean interface{}, condiBean ...interface{}) (int64, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	t := rType(bean)

	var colNames []string
	var args []interface{}
	var table *core.Table

	// handle before update processors
	for _, closure := range session.beforeClosures {
		closure(bean)
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.beforeClosures) // cleanup after used
	if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(BeforeUpdateProcessor); ok {
		processor.BeforeUpdate()
	}
	// --

	var err error
	var isMap = t.Kind() == reflect.Map
	var isStruct = t.Kind() == reflect.Struct
	if isStruct {
		table = session.Engine.TableInfo(bean)
		session.Statement.RefTable = table

		if session.Statement.ColumnStr == "" {
			colNames, args = buildUpdates(session.Engine, table, bean, false, false,
				false, false, session.Statement.allUseBool, session.Statement.useAllCols,
				session.Statement.mustColumnMap, session.Statement.nullableMap,
				session.Statement.columnMap, true, session.Statement.unscoped)
		} else {
			colNames, args, err = genCols(table, session, bean, true, true)
			if err != nil {
				return 0, err
			}
		}
	} else if isMap {
		if session.Statement.RefTable == nil {
			return 0, ErrTableNotFound
		}
		table = session.Statement.RefTable
		colNames = make([]string, 0)
		args = make([]interface{}, 0)
		bValue := reflect.Indirect(reflect.ValueOf(bean))

		for _, v := range bValue.MapKeys() {
			colNames = append(colNames, session.Engine.Quote(v.String())+" = ?")
			args = append(args, bValue.MapIndex(v).Interface())
		}
	} else {
		return 0, ErrParamsType
	}

	if session.Statement.UseAutoTime && table.Updated != "" {
		colNames = append(colNames, session.Engine.Quote(table.Updated)+" = ?")
		col := table.UpdatedColumn()
		val, t := session.Engine.NowTime2(col.SQLType.Name)
		args = append(args, val)

		var colName = col.Name
		if isStruct {
			session.afterClosures = append(session.afterClosures, func(bean interface{}) {
				col := table.GetColumn(colName)
				setColumnTime(bean, col, t)
			})
		}
	}

	//for update action to like "column = column + ?"
	incColumns := session.Statement.getInc()
	for _, v := range incColumns {
		colNames = append(colNames, session.Engine.Quote(v.colName)+" = "+session.Engine.Quote(v.colName)+" + ?")
		args = append(args, v.arg)
	}
	//for update action to like "column = column - ?"
	decColumns := session.Statement.getDec()
	for _, v := range decColumns {
		colNames = append(colNames, session.Engine.Quote(v.colName)+" = "+session.Engine.Quote(v.colName)+" - ?")
		args = append(args, v.arg)
	}
	//for update action to like "column = expression"
	exprColumns := session.Statement.getExpr()
	for _, v := range exprColumns {
		colNames = append(colNames, session.Engine.Quote(v.colName)+" = "+v.expr)
	}

	var condiColNames []string
	var condiArgs []interface{}

	if !session.Statement.noAutoCondition && len(condiBean) > 0 {
		condiColNames, condiArgs = session.Statement.buildConditions(session.Statement.RefTable, condiBean[0], true, true, false, true, false)
	}

	var condition = ""
	session.Statement.processIdParam()
	st := session.Statement
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if st.WhereStr != "" {
		condition = fmt.Sprintf("%v", st.WhereStr)
	}

	if condition == "" {
		if len(condiColNames) > 0 {
			condition = fmt.Sprintf("%v", strings.Join(condiColNames, " "+session.Engine.Dialect().AndStr()+" "))
		}
	} else {
		if len(condiColNames) > 0 {
			condition = fmt.Sprintf("(%v) %v (%v)", condition,
				session.Engine.Dialect().AndStr(), strings.Join(condiColNames, " "+session.Engine.Dialect().AndStr()+" "))
		}
	}

	var sqlStr, inSql string
	var inArgs []interface{}
	doIncVer := false
	var verValue *reflect.Value
	if table.Version != "" && session.Statement.checkVersion {
		if condition != "" {
			condition = fmt.Sprintf("WHERE (%v) %v %v = ?", condition, session.Engine.Dialect().AndStr(),
				session.Engine.Quote(table.Version))
		} else {
			condition = fmt.Sprintf("WHERE %v = ?", session.Engine.Quote(table.Version))
		}
		inSql, inArgs = session.Statement.genInSql()
		if len(inSql) > 0 {
			if condition != "" {
				condition += " " + session.Engine.Dialect().AndStr() + " " + inSql
			} else {
				condition = "WHERE " + inSql
			}
		}

		if st.LimitN > 0 {
			condition = condition + fmt.Sprintf(" LIMIT %d", st.LimitN)
		}

		sqlStr = fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %v SET %v, %v %v",
			session.Engine.Quote(session.Statement.TableName()),
			strings.Join(colNames, ", "),
			session.Engine.Quote(table.Version)+" = "+session.Engine.Quote(table.Version)+" + 1",
			condition)

		verValue, err = table.VersionColumn().ValueOf(bean)
		if err != nil {
			return 0, err
		}

		condiArgs = append(condiArgs, verValue.Interface())
		doIncVer = true
	} else {
		if condition != "" {
			condition = "WHERE " + condition
		}
		inSql, inArgs = session.Statement.genInSql()
		if len(inSql) > 0 {
			if condition != "" {
				condition += " " + session.Engine.Dialect().AndStr() + " " + inSql
			} else {
				condition = "WHERE " + inSql
			}
		}

		if st.LimitN > 0 {
			condition = condition + fmt.Sprintf(" LIMIT %d", st.LimitN)
		}

		sqlStr = fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %v SET %v %v",
			session.Engine.Quote(session.Statement.TableName()),
			strings.Join(colNames, ", "),
			condition)
	}

	args = append(args, st.Params...)
	args = append(args, inArgs...)
	args = append(args, condiArgs...)

	res, err := session.exec(sqlStr, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	} else if doIncVer {
		if verValue != nil && verValue.IsValid() && verValue.CanSet() {
			verValue.SetInt(verValue.Int() + 1)
		}
	}

	if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(table); cacher != nil && session.Statement.UseCache {
		cacher.ClearIds(session.Statement.TableName())
		cacher.ClearBeans(session.Statement.TableName())
	}

	// handle after update processors
	if session.IsAutoCommit {
		for _, closure := range session.afterClosures {
			closure(bean)
		}
		if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterUpdateProcessor); ok {
			session.Engine.logger.Debug("[event]", session.Statement.TableName(), " has after update processor")
			processor.AfterUpdate()
		}
	} else {
		lenAfterClosures := len(session.afterClosures)
		if lenAfterClosures > 0 {
			if value, has := session.afterUpdateBeans[bean]; has && value != nil {
				*value = append(*value, session.afterClosures...)
			} else {
				afterClosures := make([]func(interface{}), lenAfterClosures)
				copy(afterClosures, session.afterClosures)
				// FIXME: if bean is a map type, it will panic because map cannot be as map key
				session.afterUpdateBeans[bean] = &afterClosures
			}

		} else {
			if _, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
				session.afterUpdateBeans[bean] = nil
			}
		}
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.afterClosures) // cleanup after used
	// --

	return res.RowsAffected()
}

func (session *Session) cacheDelete(sqlStr string, args ...interface{}) error {
	if session.Statement.RefTable == nil ||
		session.Tx != nil {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}

	for _, filter := range session.Engine.dialect.Filters() {
		sqlStr = filter.Do(sqlStr, session.Engine.dialect, session.Statement.RefTable)
	}

	newsql := session.Statement.convertIdSql(sqlStr)
	if newsql == "" {
		return ErrCacheFailed
	}

	cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(session.Statement.RefTable)
	tableName := session.Statement.TableName()
	ids, err := core.GetCacheSql(cacher, tableName, newsql, args)
	if err != nil {
		resultsSlice, err := session.query(newsql, args...)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		ids = make([]core.PK, 0)
		if len(resultsSlice) > 0 {
			for _, data := range resultsSlice {
				var id int64
				var pk core.PK = make([]interface{}, 0)
				for _, col := range session.Statement.RefTable.PKColumns() {
					if v, ok := data[col.Name]; !ok {
						return errors.New("no id")
					} else {
						if col.SQLType.IsText() {
							pk = append(pk, string(v))
						} else if col.SQLType.IsNumeric() {
							id, err = strconv.ParseInt(string(v), 10, 64)
							if err != nil {
								return err
							}
							pk = append(pk, id)
						} else {
							return errors.New("not supported primary key type")
						}
					}
				}
				ids = append(ids, pk)
			}
		}
	} /*else {
	    session.Engine.LogDebug("delete cache sql %v", newsql)
	    cacher.DelIds(tableName, genSqlKey(newsql, args))
	}*/

	for _, id := range ids {
		session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheDelete] delete cache obj", tableName, id)
		sid, err := id.ToString()
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		cacher.DelBean(tableName, sid)
	}
	session.Engine.logger.Debug("[cacheDelete] clear cache sql", tableName)
	cacher.ClearIds(tableName)
	return nil
}

// Delete records, bean's non-empty fields are conditions
func (session *Session) Delete(bean interface{}) (int64, error) {
	defer session.resetStatement()
	if session.IsAutoClose {
		defer session.Close()
	}

	// handle before delete processors
	for _, closure := range session.beforeClosures {
		closure(bean)
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.beforeClosures)

	if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(BeforeDeleteProcessor); ok {
		processor.BeforeDelete()
	}
	// --

	table := session.Engine.TableInfo(bean)
	session.Statement.RefTable = table
	var colNames []string
	var args []interface{}

	if !session.Statement.noAutoCondition {
		colNames, args = session.Statement.buildConditions(table, bean, true, true, false, true, false)
	}
	var condition = ""
	var andStr = session.Engine.dialect.AndStr()

	session.Statement.processIdParam()
	if session.Statement.WhereStr != "" {
		condition = session.Statement.WhereStr
		if len(colNames) > 0 {
			condition += " " + andStr + " " + strings.Join(colNames, " "+andStr+" ")
		}
	} else {
		condition = strings.Join(colNames, " "+andStr+" ")
	}
	inSql, inArgs := session.Statement.genInSql()
	if len(inSql) > 0 {
		if len(condition) > 0 {
			condition += " " + andStr + " "
		}
		condition += inSql
		args = append(args, inArgs...)
	}
	if len(condition) == 0 && session.Statement.LimitN == 0 {
		return 0, ErrNeedDeletedCond
	}

	var deleteSql, realSql string
	var tableName = session.Engine.Quote(session.Statement.TableName())

	if len(condition) > 0 {
		deleteSql = fmt.Sprintf("DELETE FROM %v WHERE %v", tableName, condition)
	} else {
		deleteSql = fmt.Sprintf("DELETE FROM %v", tableName)
	}

	var orderSql string
	if len(session.Statement.OrderStr) > 0 {
		orderSql += fmt.Sprintf(" ORDER BY %s", session.Statement.OrderStr)
	}
	if session.Statement.LimitN > 0 {
		orderSql += fmt.Sprintf(" LIMIT %d", session.Statement.LimitN)
	}

	if len(orderSql) > 0 {
		switch session.Engine.dialect.DBType() {
		case core.POSTGRES:
			inSql := fmt.Sprintf("ctid IN (SELECT ctid FROM %s%s)", tableName, orderSql)
			if len(condition) > 0 {
				deleteSql += " AND " + inSql
			} else {
				deleteSql += " WHERE " + inSql
			}
		case core.SQLITE:
			inSql := fmt.Sprintf("rowid IN (SELECT rowid FROM %s%s)", tableName, orderSql)
			if len(condition) > 0 {
				deleteSql += " AND " + inSql
			} else {
				deleteSql += " WHERE " + inSql
			}
		// TODO: how to handle delete limit on mssql?
		case core.MSSQL:
			return 0, ErrNotImplemented
		default:
			deleteSql += orderSql
		}
	}

	argsForCache := make([]interface{}, 0, len(args)*2)
	if session.Statement.unscoped || table.DeletedColumn() == nil { // tag "deleted" is disabled
		realSql = deleteSql
		copy(argsForCache, args)
		argsForCache = append(session.Statement.Params, argsForCache...)
	} else {
		// !oinume! sqlStrForCache and argsForCache is needed to behave as executing "DELETE FROM ..." for cache.
		copy(argsForCache, args)
		argsForCache = append(session.Statement.Params, argsForCache...)

		deletedColumn := table.DeletedColumn()
		realSql = fmt.Sprintf("UPDATE %v SET %v = ? WHERE %v",
			session.Engine.Quote(session.Statement.TableName()),
			session.Engine.Quote(deletedColumn.Name),
			condition)

		if len(orderSql) > 0 {
			switch session.Engine.dialect.DBType() {
			case core.POSTGRES:
				inSql := fmt.Sprintf("ctid IN (SELECT ctid FROM %s%s)", tableName, orderSql)
				if len(condition) > 0 {
					realSql += " AND " + inSql
				} else {
					realSql += " WHERE " + inSql
				}
			case core.SQLITE:
				inSql := fmt.Sprintf("rowid IN (SELECT rowid FROM %s%s)", tableName, orderSql)
				if len(condition) > 0 {
					realSql += " AND " + inSql
				} else {
					realSql += " WHERE " + inSql
				}
			// TODO: how to handle delete limit on mssql?
			case core.MSSQL:
				return 0, ErrNotImplemented
			default:
				realSql += orderSql
			}
		}

		// !oinume! Insert NowTime to the head of session.Statement.Params
		session.Statement.Params = append(session.Statement.Params, "")
		paramsLen := len(session.Statement.Params)
		copy(session.Statement.Params[1:paramsLen], session.Statement.Params[0:paramsLen-1])

		val, t := session.Engine.NowTime2(deletedColumn.SQLType.Name)
		session.Statement.Params[0] = val

		var colName = deletedColumn.Name
		session.afterClosures = append(session.afterClosures, func(bean interface{}) {
			col := table.GetColumn(colName)
			setColumnTime(bean, col, t)
		})
	}

	args = append(session.Statement.Params, args...)

	if cacher := session.Engine.getCacher2(session.Statement.RefTable); cacher != nil && session.Statement.UseCache {
		session.cacheDelete(deleteSql, argsForCache...)
	}

	res, err := session.exec(realSql, args...)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}

	// handle after delete processors
	if session.IsAutoCommit {
		for _, closure := range session.afterClosures {
			closure(bean)
		}
		if processor, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterDeleteProcessor); ok {
			processor.AfterDelete()
		}
	} else {
		lenAfterClosures := len(session.afterClosures)
		if lenAfterClosures > 0 {
			if value, has := session.afterDeleteBeans[bean]; has && value != nil {
				*value = append(*value, session.afterClosures...)
			} else {
				afterClosures := make([]func(interface{}), lenAfterClosures)
				copy(afterClosures, session.afterClosures)
				session.afterDeleteBeans[bean] = &afterClosures
			}
		} else {
			if _, ok := interface{}(bean).(AfterInsertProcessor); ok {
				session.afterDeleteBeans[bean] = nil
			}
		}
	}
	cleanupProcessorsClosures(&session.afterClosures)
	// --

	return res.RowsAffected()
}

// saveLastSQL stores executed query information
func (session *Session) saveLastSQL(sql string, args ...interface{}) {
	session.lastSQL = sql
	session.lastSQLArgs = args
	session.Engine.logSQL(sql, args...)
}

// LastSQL returns last query information
func (session *Session) LastSQL() (string, []interface{}) {
	return session.lastSQL, session.lastSQLArgs
}

// tbName get some table's table name
func (session *Session) tbName(table *core.Table) string {
	var tbName = table.Name
	if len(session.Statement.AltTableName) > 0 {
		tbName = session.Statement.AltTableName
	}

	/*if len(session.Engine.dialect.URI().Schema) > 0 {
		return session.Engine.dialect.URI().Schema + "." + tbName
	}*/
	return tbName
}

// tbName get some table's table name
func (session *Session) tbNameNoSchema(table *core.Table) string {
	if len(session.Statement.AltTableName) > 0 {
		return session.Statement.AltTableName
	}

	return table.Name
}

// Sync2 synchronize structs to database tables
func (s *Session) Sync2(beans ...interface{}) error {
	engine := s.Engine

	tables, err := engine.DBMetas()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	var structTables []*core.Table

	for _, bean := range beans {
		v := rValue(bean)
		table := engine.mapType(v)
		structTables = append(structTables, table)
		var tbName = s.tbNameNoSchema(table)

		var oriTable *core.Table
		for _, tb := range tables {
			if equalNoCase(tb.Name, tbName) {
				oriTable = tb
				break
			}
		}

		if oriTable == nil {
			err = s.StoreEngine(s.Statement.StoreEngine).CreateTable(bean)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			err = s.CreateUniques(bean)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}

			err = s.CreateIndexes(bean)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
		} else {
			for _, col := range table.Columns() {
				var oriCol *core.Column
				for _, col2 := range oriTable.Columns() {
					if equalNoCase(col.Name, col2.Name) {
						oriCol = col2
						break
					}
				}

				if oriCol != nil {
					expectedType := engine.dialect.SqlType(col)
					curType := engine.dialect.SqlType(oriCol)
					if expectedType != curType {
						if expectedType == core.Text &&
							strings.HasPrefix(curType, core.Varchar) {
							// currently only support mysql & postgres
							if engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MYSQL ||
								engine.dialect.DBType() == core.POSTGRES {
								engine.logger.Infof("Table %s column %s change type from %s to %s\n",
									tbName, col.Name, curType, expectedType)
								_, err = engine.Exec(engine.dialect.ModifyColumnSql(engine.tbName(table), col))
							} else {
								engine.logger.Warnf("Table %s column %s db type is %s, struct type is %s\n",
									tbName, col.Name, curType, expectedType)
							}
						} else if strings.HasPrefix(curType, core.Varchar) && strings.HasPrefix(expectedType, core.Varchar) {
							if engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MYSQL {
								if oriCol.Length < col.Length {
									engine.logger.Infof("Table %s column %s change type from varchar(%d) to varchar(%d)\n",
										tbName, col.Name, oriCol.Length, col.Length)
									_, err = engine.Exec(engine.dialect.ModifyColumnSql(engine.tbName(table), col))
								}
							}
						} else {
							if !(strings.HasPrefix(curType, expectedType) && curType[len(expectedType)] == '(') {
								engine.logger.Warnf("Table %s column %s db type is %s, struct type is %s",
									tbName, col.Name, curType, expectedType)
							}
						}
					} else if expectedType == core.Varchar {
						if engine.dialect.DBType() == core.MYSQL {
							if oriCol.Length < col.Length {
								engine.logger.Infof("Table %s column %s change type from varchar(%d) to varchar(%d)\n",
									tbName, col.Name, oriCol.Length, col.Length)
								_, err = engine.Exec(engine.dialect.ModifyColumnSql(engine.tbName(table), col))
							}
						}
					}
					if col.Default != oriCol.Default {
						engine.logger.Warnf("Table %s Column %s db default is %s, struct default is %s",
							tbName, col.Name, oriCol.Default, col.Default)
					}
					if col.Nullable != oriCol.Nullable {
						engine.logger.Warnf("Table %s Column %s db nullable is %v, struct nullable is %v",
							tbName, col.Name, oriCol.Nullable, col.Nullable)
					}
				} else {
					session := engine.NewSession()
					session.Statement.RefTable = table
					defer session.Close()
					err = session.addColumn(col.Name)
				}
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}

			var foundIndexNames = make(map[string]bool)
			var addedNames = make(map[string]*core.Index)

			for name, index := range table.Indexes {
				var oriIndex *core.Index
				for name2, index2 := range oriTable.Indexes {
					if index.Equal(index2) {
						oriIndex = index2
						foundIndexNames[name2] = true
						break
					}
				}

				if oriIndex != nil {
					if oriIndex.Type != index.Type {
						sql := engine.dialect.DropIndexSql(tbName, oriIndex)
						_, err = engine.Exec(sql)
						if err != nil {
							return err
						}
						oriIndex = nil
					}
				}

				if oriIndex == nil {
					addedNames[name] = index
				}
			}

			for name2, index2 := range oriTable.Indexes {
				if _, ok := foundIndexNames[name2]; !ok {
					sql := engine.dialect.DropIndexSql(tbName, index2)
					_, err = engine.Exec(sql)
					if err != nil {
						return err
					}
				}
			}

			for name, index := range addedNames {
				if index.Type == core.UniqueType {
					session := engine.NewSession()
					session.Statement.RefTable = table
					defer session.Close()
					err = session.addUnique(tbName, name)
				} else if index.Type == core.IndexType {
					session := engine.NewSession()
					session.Statement.RefTable = table
					defer session.Close()
					err = session.addIndex(tbName, name)
				}
				if err != nil {
					return err
				}
			}
		}
	}

	for _, table := range tables {
		var oriTable *core.Table
		for _, structTable := range structTables {
			if equalNoCase(table.Name, s.tbNameNoSchema(structTable)) {
				oriTable = structTable
				break
			}
		}

		if oriTable == nil {
			//engine.LogWarnf("Table %s has no struct to mapping it", table.Name)
			continue
		}

		for _, colName := range table.ColumnsSeq() {
			if oriTable.GetColumn(colName) == nil {
				engine.logger.Warnf("Table %s has column %s but struct has not related field", table.Name, colName)
			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// Unscoped always disable struct tag "deleted"
func (session *Session) Unscoped() *Session {
	session.Statement.Unscoped()
	return session
}